推荐个小软件 ==FARR== 快速启动帮手工具
快速启动软件定位于帮助你从乱糟糟的开始菜单里解脱。用的人比较多的有Launchy,Type and Run (TAR),Executor等,国产软件包括音速启动等。
FARR,全称 FindAndRunRobot, 软件主页:http://www.donationcoder.com/Software/Mouser/findrun/index.html
官方论坛:http://www.donationcoder.com/Forums/bb/index.php?board=12.0
特点: 1.完全可定制化的搜索
2.飞速的增量搜索,自动记忆历史
3.可定制的启发式排序
4.低系统占用,绿色不写注册表
5.呼之即来,挥之即去(女同胞们会喜欢?^_^)
以上特点本人非权威译自FARR帮助
下载&安装:http://www.donationcoder.com/Software/Mouser/findrun/downloads/FindAndRunRobotSetup.exe
版本2.23.01。5m,是个自解压包,你可以选择安装,喜欢亲历亲为的也可以自己解压。虽然5m看上去很大但是里面皮肤占了2m,还有个TiddlyWiki是个网络笔记本,配合作者专门为TiddlyWiki写的Aliase用FARR管理很方便,虽然我是不用。。。删掉这些,软件本体1.5m,尚可接受。
解压到目录里,运行FindAndRunRobot.exe即可,软件运行在系统托盘里。然后你就可以尝试着用一下了。
默认快捷键:BREAK,台式机会比较方便,笔记本的话推荐改下快捷键,break呼出,hotkey里右键新建。我用的是alt+space
ok,开始使用!
alt+space呼出,随便输点东西,你就会看到效果了:
输入QQ回车,qq打开了;输入word回车,word打开了。。。以此类推
它的搜索非常智能,如果快捷方式为“Microsoft Office Word”,你可以输“word”,也可以输“m o w”,"of wo"等等,甚至“wo d”...
如果第一个不是匹配项,按alt+数字键可以启动相应程序并退出FARR,ctrl+数字键启动相应程序并不退出FARR,所以可以按住ctrl,顺序按1、2、3启动1、2、3号程序。可在设置里更改以支持单数字键启动,支持小键盘单数字键启动
值得注意的是,FARR并不像google desktop一样索引,所以不会占用cpu和磁盘空间,当然后果就是反应稍慢(相对而言)。默认同时搜索开始菜单,桌面,我的文档,我的图片,我的音乐,如果后三个文件夹里东西多会导致搜索变慢,如果是老机器又只想将FARR用作启动工具,可以在option-search folders里去掉前面的小勾。新机器请无视之。
高级应用:
1.程序自带了一个工具栏,就在输入框旁边。默认放了help和option,你可以自己拖放快捷方式进去,用以替代windows的快速启动
2.FARR的高级功能基本都是由作者称为Alias的东西提供,自带的有:
dc - search the donationcoder.com forum
run - run a command on the windows path 输入“run cmd”,“run msconfig”等代替运行命令
email - start an email with default client
imdb - perform an internet search at the imdb website
paste - paste common info like date 粘贴当前时间
www - visit a website 输入网址直接浏览,如“www.sina.com.cn”
calc - calculate a numeric expression (thanks to FBSL Freestyle Basic Script Language, http://www.fbsl.net/phpbb2/index.php)
cmd - execute a nircmd command (requires separate install of freeware http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/nircmd.html)
define - search an online dictionary
search - do a web search with google pages, etc. 输入“search 关键字”搜索关键字。注意中文的函数传递有问题会出现乱码,请教高人...
music - search for info on a band, etc. 可惜都是国外的,可以自己加baidu MP3
接下来是我最喜欢的东西,自动补全。
如上所述,你可以输入“search 关键字”搜索关键字,但是search太长了吧?没关系,请输入“sea”,按下键盘上的“TAB”,发现什么了?呵呵
如果你用这个Aliase用的很频繁的话,它的权值会变高,这样你直接输入“s”就可以按tab了,相当方便的。
3.FARR可以用作简单的文件浏览器。
输入“c:\”就可以看到效果
文件浏览同样支持自动补全,输入"c:\do"按tab既自动补全为“C:\Documents and Settings\”
支持不完整路径名,比如“C:\Documents and Settings\All Users\Application Data\”可以简单地输入成“c:\do\al\ap\”
想跳过一层目录可以输入\\,如“c:\do\al\ap”==》"c:\do\\ap"。要跳过多层目录使用"\*\"
可以按下 ALT+ENTER 可以打开快捷方式所在目录(等同于加"\"后回车)
自带了"my computer"、“my music”、“my document”、“my picture”等目录,输入“myc”、“mym”、“myd”、“myp”回车进入
4.FARR的问题是不解析快捷方式。这个在英文系统无伤大雅,在中文系统水土不服。比如记事本,我输入“notepad”,回车,毫无反应。。。
这个原本是最基本的启动工具都能解决的问题,但是在FARR里必须输入“记”...
解决办法: 加入"c:\windows"到搜索-不推荐,导致搜索变慢
加入Aliase--大材小用,不方便
输入“run notepad”--不方便
直接找到文件,拖到FARR窗口--不错的办法
最土的办法,改快捷方式名--我在用
总之,还是不方便。我就此咨询了软件作者,他说解析快捷方式会导致搜索变慢,所以不加入这个功能。
单组合键功能:
win+S打开farr,文本框预先输入好“search ”:option-hotkey 新建热键“search”,热键为win+S,在"Test for search edit box”里输入"search "
win+N打开记事本: option-hotkey 新建热键“notepad”,热键为win+N,在"Test for search edit box”里输入"run notepad\n"
win+W打开WORD: option-hotkey 新建热键“WORD”,热键为win+W,在"Test for search edit box”里输入"Microsoft Office Word\n"
...无限可能
下面提供一个让FARR代替win+r的办法:
在option-ALIAS里找到myalias.alias, 新建一个ALIAS:
“Group Alias Name”-填入"noresults"(不包括引号,下同)
“Regular Expression Pattern(OPTIONAL)”-填入"^noresults (.*)$"
"Results"-填入"$$1"
按下“OK”后,输入“msconfig”测试一下效果:)
软件有众多插件,包括使之成为一个定时器、直接搜索Firefox\IE\Opera的书签及历史并打开、关机重启、表达式计算器、google translate啦什么的。汇率计算、翻译、多显示器管理、支持 GTDTiddlyWiki 别名、时钟、Google 日历、同义词典、词典查询、命令行、环境变量、iTunes、Locate32支持、打印、计算器……见http://www.donationcoder.com/Software/Mouser/findrun/addons/
另一个推荐的理由就是作者组建的http://www.donationcoder.com学术氛围极好,论坛里有问必答,热心并且礼貌:)
更多高级信息参见:http://www.donationcoder.com/Forums/bb/index.php?topic=13421.0
http://www.howtotuts.com/2008/05/12/how-to-increase-your-daily-productivity-with-find-and-run-robot/
如果你对本文感兴趣,那么也许你也会对下面的有兴趣?
http://xbeta.info/tmp1-quick-launch.htm
http://xbeta.info/ask-quick-launch.htm 善用佳软blog
2008年7月30日星期三
写作经典200句背诵
以下写作经典200句背诵完会使你的写作水平突飞猛进,记住一定要烂熟于心,可以使用超循环背诵大表进行背诵,使背诵变得轻松有计划,更重要的是减少遗忘。200句并不多,永远是熟能生巧,你一辈子用的句子无非就是几十句,这200句是我们写作教学组6年时间提举出来的国外经典文章中的句子,是精华中的精华,不仅运用于写作,这些精彩的句式可以运用于口语中,使你的表达非凡!
背诵方法:(原则:短时间搞定)
1、分单元背,把200个句子根据你自己的进度订计划,清楚每天背多少个新句子,多少个复习句子(建议使用超循环大表)
2、汉译英练习3、默写4、口头背诵
1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.依照最近的一项调查,每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。
9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题,像犯罪和卖淫。
10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少,以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车,而车上可能已满载乘客。
11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.无可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。
12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。
12a. A proper part-time job does not occupy students' too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而,对多数年轻人来说,校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。
16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。
17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。
19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
20. No one can deny the fact that a person's education is the most important aspect of his life.没有人能否认:教育是人生最重要的一方面。
21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。
22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.在过去的几十年,先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。
23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.事实上,我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。
24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。
26. The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.从这几年我搜集的信息来看,这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。
27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.现在,人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。
28. This is a matter of life and death——a matter no country can afford to ignore.这是一个关系到生死的问题,任何国家都不能忽视。
29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:我同意后者,有如下理由:30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.在给出我的观点之前,我想看看双方的观点是重要的。
31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。
32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展,用自行车的人数会减少,自行车可能会消亡, 然而,这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。
33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.环境学家指出:持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题,而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。
34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.考虑到这些严重的状况,我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。
35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康,并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。
36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.尽管自行车有许多明显的优点,但是它也存在它的问题。
37. Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.在速度和舒适度方面,自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。
38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:自行车的优点远大于缺点,并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。
39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论,其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。
40. This issue has caused wide public concern.这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。
41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.必须指出学习只能靠自己。
42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a person's education is a most important aspect of his life.许多人存在这样的误解,认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然,他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。
43. As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:就我而言,我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点,有以下原因:44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。 45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.即使最优秀的毕业生,要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。
46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化,近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。
47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。
48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。
49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.对大多数人来讲,退休以后,阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。
50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说,找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的,正如那句老话:活到老,学到老。
51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students' doing a part-time job.对于大学或高中生打工这一现象,校园里进行着广泛的争论。
52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.通过做一份和专业相关的工作,学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力,而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。
53. Although people‘s lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.近几十年,尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变,但必须承认,由于学费和书费日益飞涨,资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。
54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.因此,业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。
55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.通过上面的讨论,我们不难得出结论:业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响,我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作,这将有利于学生和他们的家庭,甚至整个社会。
56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an in50e result and there is no way to avoid it.现在,越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果,无法避免。
57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适,减少了大量劳动。
58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.同时,随着这些机器带给我们的好处,员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。
59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.没有人能否认这一基本事实:对于一般工人来讲,轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。
60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.第二方面,失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。
61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识,使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。
62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.根据最近的一项调查,越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。
63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.通过以上讨论,我完全相信,随着现代社会的进步,幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。
64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.近些年,国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。
65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用,应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。
66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。
67. As for me, I'm firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:就我而言,我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制,理由如下:68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.另外,为了吸引旅游者,大量人工设施被修建,这对环境是不利的。
69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.由于缺乏独特的文化,一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此,国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。
70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.近些年,父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。
71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。
72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点,通过学习,他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识,当他们长大后,这些对他们就业是大有好处的。
73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.首先,额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出,孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后,从事一些体育活动,而不是额外的学习,是非常重要的。
74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期,缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。
75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.第二,从心理上讲,大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。
76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.当别的孩子在玩耍的时候,很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。
77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.而且,由于要额外地学习,孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流,很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。
78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldn't be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:尽管额外学习的确有很多优点,但它的缺点不可忽视,且远大于它的优点。因此,放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。
79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.现在,父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。
81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。
82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.然而,这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑,他们指出,孩子总是呆在家里,和父母在一起,是不健康的。
83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力,但是必须承认,与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比,他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。
84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents' desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出如下结论:尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的,但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。
85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园,这将对孩子,家庭,甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。
86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.只要一提起艺术和文化项目,一些政府领导就会兴奋不已,他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园,城市中心漂亮的雕塑,还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中,没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。
87. But is it really the case? The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上,基础设施建设非常重要,应该放在首位。
88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客,这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。
89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.然而,很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。
90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in people's life and economic growth.通过以上讨论,我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面,基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。
91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点,将会付出他们无法承受的代价。
92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势,这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。
93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入,而且能学到一些新技术。
94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.必须指出,农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加,并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。
95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may in50y bring about many negative impacts.尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献,然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。
96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场,他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。
97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants' lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验,知识和信息,这些将有助于发展农村经济。
98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants' lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.总之,我们应理智考虑这一问题,重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an in50e part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分,然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。
100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.我认为,首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。
101. In addition to the obvious problem——loneliness, another major obstacle, in my opinion, is the alien environment of campus.除了孤独这一明显的问题之外,我认为另一个困难是对校园环境的不熟悉。
102. Freshmen often get lost on campus; fail to find the way to dormitory or library.新生常常在校园迷路,不知道去宿舍或图书馆该怎么走。
103. Most important of all, apart from their hometown and parents, students couldn't catch sight of any familiar face and have to suffer from homelessness, which can cause certain serious mental disease.更重要的是,离开了家乡和父母,看不到任何熟悉的面孔,他们不得不忍受思家之苦,这可能会导致严重的精神疾病。
104. In the first place, school authorities should provide far more services to help freshmen to get used to the new life as soon as possible.首先,学校应提供更多的服务,帮助新生尽快适应新的生活。
105. The senior and junior students could share their own experience about how to overcome the difficulty they have ever met, how to adjust to the new environment with the new students.高年级学生可以与新生一起分享他们的经历:如何克服遇到的困难,如何适应新的环境。
106. At the same time, young people should be encouraged to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence on their parents and are essential in the maintenance of healthy mental condition.同时,应该鼓励年轻人和他们的同龄人交往,发展他们的交际能力,这将帮助他们极大地减少对父母的倚赖并且保持健康的精神状态。
107. In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem and make our maximum contribution to help them spend their first day on campus smoothly.总之,我们应重视这个问题,尽最大努力帮助他们平稳度过他们最初的校园生活。
108. There is a general discussion over fashion in recent years. One of the questions under debate is whether a person should choose comfortable clothes, which he or she likes, regardless of fashion.近些年,关于时尚存在着广泛的争论。其中一个问题就是一个人是否应选择他喜欢的舒适的衣服,而不管是否时尚。
109. This issue is becoming a matter of concern for more and more people, especially for parents and experts in education.这一问题已被越来越多的人所关注,尤其是父母和教育专家。
110. Many young people always go into raptures at the merely mention of buying fashion clothes. And they seem to be attracted by colorful material, various styles of fashion clothes. There is nothing, they maintain, that can't be compared with fashion clothes. In fact, fashion clothes had become indispensable part of youngster's life.许多年轻人一提到时尚服装就兴高采烈。他们似乎被时尚服装那多彩的面料,各种不同的款式所吸引。 111. Many people seem to overlook the basic fact: the major function of clothing is to keep us warm and comfortable.许多人似乎忽视了这个基本事实:衣服的基本功能是保持我们舒适和温暖。
112. Furthermore, people who addict to fashion clothes have to spend more time going shopping and pay more attention to the impression they make on others. As a result, it is impossible to devote enough time and energy in their study and job.而且,沉湎于时尚服装的人们不得不花费更多时间逛商店,更加注意自己给别人的印象。因此,他们不可能有足够的时间用于学习或工作。 112a. No one can doubt the essential fact that the traffic problem over the last years has caused wide public concern all over the world. Experts in increasing numbers are beginning to believe that such situation would produce unfavorable effects on economic growth of local areas.没有人能否认这一重要事实:最近几年交通问题在全世界受到了普遍关注。越来越多的专家开始相信这种状况将对当地的经济发展产生不利影响。
114. There are s50 reasons for this problem. One of the main reasons is that the number of vehicles is increasing much more rapidly than building of roads. Another primary reason is that there seem to be too many private cars and not enough public buses.关于这个问题,有很多原因。一个主要原因是车辆增加的数量远快于道路的建设。另一个主要原因是私家车过多而公交车不够。
115. Meanwhile, the numbers of people, who have access to their own cars, have risen sharply in the recent years.同时,拥有私人轿车的人数这几年却在快速增加。 116. Moreover, many people, including drivers and cyclists, do not obey the traffic rules properly, especially at busy intersections. And this undoubtedly worsens the already grave situation.而且,许多人,包括司机和骑自行车的人,不能很好地遵守交通规则,特别是在繁忙的十字路口,这无疑使本已严重的状况雪上加霜。
117. The number of private cars in urban areas should be limited while the number of public buses should be increased.在城市私人轿车的数量应得到控制而公交车的数量应该增加。
118. When asked what kind of school they are willing to send their children to attend, many parents say they would choose a boarding school rather than day schools for their children.当问到愿意将孩子送到哪种学校的时候,许多父母认为他们会选择寄宿学校而不是日制学校。
119. Many survey show that people in increasing numbers are beginning to recognize that boarding school provides better environment and facilities for children.许多调查显示越来越多的人开始意识到寄宿学校能给他们的孩子提供较好的学习环境和设施。 120. At the same time, there are still many people who live under the traditional ideas that day schools play an extremely important role in children's study.同时,仍有许多人持传统观点认为日制学校对孩子的学习发挥着极其重要的作用。
121. On the one hand, it is indisputable that boarding schools are exerting a growing important effect, especially in last few years.一方面,寄宿学校正在发挥越来越重要的作用,尤其是最近几年,这是无可争辩的。
122. Students attend a boarding school would cultivate their independence as apart from their parents.离开父母上寄宿学校的学生将会培养他们的独立性。
123. What's more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.而且,生活在学校里能节省大量每天往返于学校和家的路上的时间,这会使他们有更多的时间和精力放在学习上。 124. On the other hand, the contribution of day schools can't be ignored.另一方面,日制学校的贡献是不能忽视的。
125. Due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.因为较高的学费,大部分普通家庭支付不起他们的孩子上寄宿学校的费用。
126. Since it is unnecessary to consider student's routine life, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.由于无需考虑学生的日常生活,日制学校可以将重点放在教学上而不是放在像宿舍和食堂管理这些方面。
127. Furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.而且,学生生活在自己家中,有舒适的生活,并有更多机会和父母交流,这对他们个性的培养是有利的。
128. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论,寄宿学校和日制学校对我们社会培养年轻学生都是重要的。
129. There is much discussion over science and technology. One of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.关于科学技术存在许多争论,其中一个问题是当国家发展现代科学技术时,传统的技术方法是否可能会消亡? 130. As for me, the declining of traditional technology and methods is not a bad thing; it is the natural result of progress of society.我认为,传统技术方法的消亡不一定是坏事,这是社会进步的自然结果。
131. In the first place, some aspects of the traditional technology and methods are harmful and hampering the development of modern technology science.首先,传统技术方法有些部分是有害的,并且会阻碍现代科技的发展。
132. Although modern science and technology have proved that such methods are absurd, there are still millions of people use such methods in many remote places nowadays.尽管现代科学技术已经证明了这些方法是愚昧的,然而在许多偏僻的地方,仍有成千上万的人们在使用这些方法。
133. In the second place, many values of traditional technology are out of date and should be replaced by modern science.第二点,许多传统技术方法已经过时,应被现代科技所取代。
134. Although many people tend to live under the illusion that traditional technology and methods are still playing extremely important role in people's life, an increasing evidences show that it is less useful than many people think.尽管许多人保持着传统观念,认为传统技术方法在人们生活中仍发挥着重要作用,但是越来越多的证据显示它并没有人们想象的有用。
135. From what has been discussed above, I firmly believe that time will prove that traditional technology and methods would die out with the development of modern science and technology. The maintenance of the traditional technology and methods is futile.通过以上讨论,我坚定地相信时间会证明传统技术方法将会随着现代技术的发展而消亡,坚持传统技术方法是徒劳的。
136. At the time when technology means ever more harmful carbon in the air we breathe, we need these forests now more than ever.当技术的发展意味着我们会吸入更多有害气体时,我们比任何时候更需要森林。
137. Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。
138. We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
139. There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.无可否认,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
140. It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
141. There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问,我们的教育制度令人不满意。
142. An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。
143. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
144. So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵,我们不能浪费它。
145. Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家很富有,但是我们的生活质量却令人很不满意。 146. The harder you work, the more progress you make.你越努力,你越进步。
147. The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读得越多,我们越有学问。
148. To average people, they often tend to live under the illusion that English often means a good opportunity for one's career, is this really the case?对于一般人来说,他们常常以为掌握英语就意味着一份好的工作,然而这是真的吗?
149. By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.通过体育锻炼,我们能够始终保持健康。
150. Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.听音乐能使我们放松。
151. On no account can we ignore th50ue of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
152. It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
153. Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。
154. There is no one but longs to go to college.人们都希望上大学。
155. Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃作运动。
156. It is conc50e that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
157. Summer is sultry. That's the reason why I don't like it.夏天很闷热,这就是我不喜欢它的原因。
158. The progress of the society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。 159. We should bring home to people th50ue of working hard.我们应该让人们知道努力的价值。
160. Taking exercise is closely related to health.作运动与健康息息相关。
161. We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
162. The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。
163. Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
164. Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。
165. Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
166. Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。
167. We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
168. Weather a large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic, which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.家庭人口多好还是家庭人口少好是一个非常通俗的主题,不仅是城里人,而且农民都经常讨论这个问题。
169. As is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.众所周知,假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。
170. Today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance. In order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.现在,愈来愈多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。为了维护社会治安 ,我们每人都应该接受法制教育。
171. From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on TV has great influence on youngsters' behavior.从上面我所提到的,我们可以清楚地看到,电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。
172. There are two reasons for the improvement in people's living conditions. In the first place, we have been carrying out the reform and opening-up policy. Secondly, there has been a rapid expansion of our national economy. Furthermore, the birth rate has been put under control.人民生活状况的改善原因有两点。首先,我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次,国民经济正在迅速发展,而且出生率已经得到控制。
173. My suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. To begin with, it is urgent to create nature reserves. Secondly, certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproduced artificially. Finally, those who hunter them must be punished severely.我对解决这个问题的建议如下:首先,迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。其次,有些濒临灭绝的珍稀野生动物应该收捕、人工喂养并繁殖。最后,对于捕猎珍稀野生动物的人必须严惩。
174. People differ in their attitudes towards failure. Faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. Others, however, lose heart and give in.人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败,有人能够经得起考验,从失败中汲取教训,并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而,另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。
175. It is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人们日益增长的需求。
176. As a popular saying goes, "everything has two sides." Now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological inventions. On the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble. People in many countries are suffering from public hazards.常言道:事情总是一分为二的。如今人们从科技发明中得到越来越多的好处。另一方面,科技进步也给我们带来了许多麻烦。现在许多国家 的人民饱受公害之苦。
177. Let's take cars for example. They not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. Furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. The noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.就拿汽车为例。汽车不仅污染城市空气,而且使城市拥挤不堪。此外,汽车造成许多交通事故。汽车所产生的噪音使居住在街道两旁的居民日夜不得安宁。
178. It is generally believed that the chief reason for the increase in population in developed countries is not so much the rise in birth rates as the decline in death rates as a result of the improvement in medical care.普遍认为,在发达国家人口增长的主要原因与其说是出生率的上升,还不如说是由于医疗保健的改善使死亡率下降了。
179. There is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.毫无疑问,需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。
180. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易)引发的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
181. With the opening and reform policy being carried out, thousands upon thousands of foreign visitors are crowding into our country. They are eager to see this old mysterious land with a splendid culture of more than 5,000years.随着改革开放政策的贯彻执行,数以万计的外国游人涌入中国。他们渴望参观这个有着5000多年灿烂文化的神秘古国。
182. Tourism brings China a lot of benefits. First, it enables the Chinese people to know more about the outside world and promotes friendship and understanding. Second, it is financially beneficial to China, which needs more foreign currencies for its modernization program.旅游业给中国带来许多好处。首先,它使中国人了解外界,并有助于促进友谊和理解。其次,在经济上也有利于我国,因为中国现代化建设需要大量的外汇。
183 Tourism, however, gives rise to a number of problems. For instance, it becomes a burden to inefficient transportation system.旅游业也引起许多问题。例如,它增加了我国本来效率不高的运输系统的负担。
184. Besides, the living standard of the average Chinese is still not high enough to be able to afford the many different sorts of expensed during long distance travels.此外,中国人民的生活水平还没有高到足以使普通中国人有钱支付长途旅行的各种开支。
185. As for me, with the development of our national economy, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.至于我,我相信,随着我国经济的发展,这些问题必将逐步解决。
186. A much better and brighter future awaits us.我们期望有一个更加光明的未来。
187. When an opportunity comes, it brings a promise but never realizes it on its own.每当机遇降临,伴之而来的是成功的希望,但是机遇不能自行实现成功。
188. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you.假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志,你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。否则,机遇来临你却无法利用。 189. The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. The successful person always makes adequate preparations to meet opportunities as they duly arrive. The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see pass by.成功者与失败者的区别在于处理机遇的态度。成功者做好充分准备迎接机遇的适时来临。而失败者工作懒散,眼看机遇悄然而过。
190. In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly can make use of them to achieve purpose.我的观点是:在我们的社会里,人人都有许多机遇,但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。
191. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial 50s.人类学家已经发现,恐惧,快乐,悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色,这在全人类是共通的。
192. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.一个地方的人口越多,对其水。交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。
193. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial 50s and by making noises.儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前,很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。
194. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.父母的教导如果坚定,理性,始终如一,孩子就有可能充满自信。
195. Television, the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.电视,这项从迅速变化和成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术,正在步入一个新时代,一个极为成熟和多样化的时代,这将重塑我们的生活和世界。
196. Television is more than just an electronic appliance; it is a means of 50, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.电视不仅仅是一件电器;它是表达的手段和交流的载体,并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。
197. I am always amazed when I heard people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.每当我听说体育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情,说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相遇就会没有兴趣在战场上相遇的话,我都倍感诧异。
198. One of the great early writers wrote that: Work is the grand cure of all the maladies and miseries that ever beset mankind. If this is true, then the present situation should make us wonder whether the measure that the average worker is obliged to retire at the age of 50 is reasonable.一位伟大的作家曾写到:工作是医治人间一切病痛和疾苦的万应良药。 如果是这样的话,那么现在的状况应使我们想一想,强迫普通工人在50岁退休是否合理。
199. "The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them." Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer. This view has been shared now by more and more people.著名作家萧伯纳曾说过:在这个世界上取得成功的人,都努力去寻求他们想要的机会,如果找不到时,他们就自己创造机会。这一观点现在正在被越来越多的人所接受。
200. Adler is correct in this assertion that education does not end with graduation.阿得勒这句话很正确,教育不能随着毕业而结束。
背诵方法:(原则:短时间搞定)
1、分单元背,把200个句子根据你自己的进度订计划,清楚每天背多少个新句子,多少个复习句子(建议使用超循环大表)
2、汉译英练习3、默写4、口头背诵
1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.依照最近的一项调查,每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
8. Proper measures must be taken to limit the number of foreign tourists and the great efforts should be made to protect local environment and history from the harmful effects of international tourism.应该采取适当的措施限制外国旅游者的数量,努力保护当地环境和历史不受国际旅游业的不利影响。
9. An increasing number of experts believe that migrants will exert positive effects on construction of city. However, this opinion is now being questioned by more and more city residents, who complain that the migrants have brought many serious problems like crime and prostitution.越来越多的专家相信移民对城市的建设起到积极作用。然而,越来越多的城市居民却怀疑这种说法,他们抱怨民工给城市带来了许多严重的问题,像犯罪和卖淫。
10. Many city residents complain that it is so few buses in their city that they have to spend much more time waiting for a bus, which is usually crowded with a large number of passengers.许多市民抱怨城市的公交车太少,以至于他们要花很长时间等一辆公交车,而车上可能已满载乘客。
11. There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely serious problem: the city authorities should take strong measures to deal with it.无可否认,空气污染是一个极其严重的问题:城市当局应该采取有力措施来解决它。
12. An investigation shows that female workers tend to have a favorable attitude toward retirement.一项调查显示妇女欢迎退休。
12a. A proper part-time job does not occupy students' too much time. In fact, it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.一份适当的业余工作并不会占用学生太多的时间,事实上,把全部的时间都用到学习上并不健康,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
14. Any government, which is blind to this point, may pay a heavy price.任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
15.Nowadays, many students always go into raptures at the mere mention of the coming life of high school or college they will begin. Unfortunately, for most young people, it is not pleasant experience on their first day on campus.当前,一提到即将开始的学校生活,许多学生都会兴高采烈。然而,对多数年轻人来说,校园刚开始的日子并不是什么愉快的经历。
16. In view of the seriousness of this problem, effective measures should be taken before things get worse.考虑到问题的严重性,在事态进一步恶化之前,必须采取有效的措施。
17. The majority of students believe that part-time job will provide them with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills, which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.大部分学生相信业余工作会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力,而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处的。
18. It is indisputable that there are millions of people who still have a miserable life and have to face the dangers of starvation and exposure.无可争辩,现在有成千上万的人仍过着挨饿受冻的痛苦生活。
19. Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.尽管这一观点被广泛接受,很少有证据表明教育能够在任何地点、任何年龄进行。
20. No one can deny the fact that a person's education is the most important aspect of his life.没有人能否认:教育是人生最重要的一方面。
21. People equate success in life with the ability of operating computer.人们把会使用计算机与人生成功相提并论。
22. In the last decades, advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.在过去的几十年,先进的医疗技术已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。
23. In fact, we have to admit the fact that the quality of life is as important as life itself.事实上,我们必须承认生命的质量和生命本身一样重要。
24. We should spare no effort to beautify our environment.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
25. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.人们相信拥有计算机技术可以获得更多工作或提升的机会。
26. The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.从这几年我搜集的信息来看,这些知识并没有人们想象的那么有用。
27. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.现在,人们普遍认为没有一所大学能够在毕业时候教给学生所有的知识。
28. This is a matter of life and death——a matter no country can afford to ignore.这是一个关系到生死的问题,任何国家都不能忽视。
29. For my part, I agree with the latter opinion for the following reasons:我同意后者,有如下理由:30. Before giving my opinion, I think it is important to look at the arguments on both sides.在给出我的观点之前,我想看看双方的观点是重要的。
31. This view is now being questioned by more and more people.这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。
32. Although many people claim that, along with the rapidly economic development, the number of people who use bicycle are decreasing and bicycle is bound to die out. The information I've collected over the recent years leads me to believe that bicycle will continue to play extremely important roles in modern society.尽管许多人认为随着经济的高速发展,用自行车的人数会减少,自行车可能会消亡, 然而,这几年我收集的一些信息让我相信自行车仍然会继续在现代社会发挥极其重要的作用。
33. Environmental experts point out that increasing pollution not only causes serious problems such as global warming but also could threaten to end human life on our planet.环境学家指出:持续增加的污染不仅会导致像全球变暖这样严重的问题,而且还将威胁到人类在这个星球的生存。
34. In view of such serious situation, environmental tools of transportation like bicycle are more important than any time before.考虑到这些严重的状况,我们比以往任何时候更需要像自行车这样的环保型交通工具。
35. Using bicycle contributes greatly to people's physical fitness as well as easing traffic jams.使用自行车有助于人们的身体健康,并极大地缓解了交通阻塞。
36. Despite many obvious advantages of bicycle, it is not without its problem.尽管自行车有许多明显的优点,但是它也存在它的问题。
37. Bicycle can't be compared with other means of transportation like car and train for speed and comfort.在速度和舒适度方面,自行车是无法和汽车、火车这样的交通工具相比的。
38. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that advantages of bicycle far outweigh its disadvantages and it will still play essential roles in modern society.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:自行车的优点远大于缺点,并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。
39. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.当前在高校和研究机构对教育存在着大量争论,其中一个问题就是教育是否是个终身学习的过程。
40. This issue has caused wide public concern.这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。
41. It must be noted that learning must be done by a person himself.必须指出学习只能靠自己。
42. A large number of people tend to live under the illusion that they had completed their education when they finished their schooling. Obviously, they seem to fail to take into account the basic fact that a person's education is a most important aspect of his life.许多人存在这样的误解,认为离开学校就意味着结束了他们的教育。显然,他们忽视了教育是人生重要部分这一基本事实。
43. As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons:就我而言,我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点,有以下原因:44. It is commonly accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduate.人们普遍认为高校是不可能在毕业的时候教会他们的学生所有知识的。 45. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.即使最优秀的毕业生,要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。
46. It is commonly thought that our society had dramatically changed by modern science and technology, and human had made extraordinary progress in knowledge and technology over the recent decades.人们普遍认为我们的现代科技使我们的社会发生了巨大的变化,近几十年人类在科技方面取得了惊人的进步。
47. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.现在越来越多的人开始相信学习新的技术和知识能直接帮助他们获得工作就会或提升的机会。
48. An investigation shows that many older people express a strong desire to continue studying in university or college.一项调查显示许多老人都有到大学继续学习的愿望。
49. For the majority of people, reading or learning a new skill has become the focus of their lives and the source of their happiness and contentment after their retirement.对大多数人来讲,退休以后,阅读或学习一项新技术已成为他们生活的中心和快乐的来源。
50. For people who want to adopt a healthy and meaningful life style, it is important to find time to learn certain new knowledge. Just as an old saying goes: it is never too late to learn.对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说,找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的,正如那句老话:活到老,学到老。
51. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students' doing a part-time job.对于大学或高中生打工这一现象,校园里进行着广泛的争论。
52. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience, experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.通过做一份和专业相关的工作,学生不仅能够提高他们的专业能力,而且能获得从课本上得不到的经验。
53. Although people‘s lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.近几十年,尽管人们的生活有了惊人的改变,但必须承认,由于学费和书费日益飞涨,资金短缺仍然是学生们面临的最大问题之一。
54. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.因此,业余工作挣来的钱将强有力地支持学生们继续他们的求学生活。
55. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a far-reaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.通过上面的讨论,我们不难得出结论:业余工作对学生们会产生深远的影响,我们应鼓励学生从事业余工作,这将有利于学生和他们的家庭,甚至整个社会。
56. These days, people in growing numbers are beginning to complain that work is more stressful and less leisurely than in past. Many experts point out that, along with the development of modern society, it is an in50e result and there is no way to avoid it.现在,越来越多的人们开始抱怨工作比以前更有压力。许多专家指出这是现代社会发展必然的结果,无法避免。
57. It is widely acknowledged that computer and other machines have become an indispensable part of our society, which make our life and work more comfortable and less laborious.人们普遍认为计算机和其他机器已经成为我们社会必不可少的一部分。 它们使我们的生活更舒适,减少了大量劳动。
58. At the same time, along with the benefits of such machines, employees must study knowledge involved in such machines so that they are able to control them.同时,随着这些机器带给我们的好处,员工们也必须要学习与之相关的知识以便使用它们。
59. No one can deny the basic fact that it is impossible for average workers to master those high-technology skills easily.没有人能否认这一基本事实:对于一般工人来讲,轻松掌握这些技术是不可能的。
60. In the second place, there seem to be too many people without job and not enough job position.第二方面,失业的人似乎太多而又没有足够的工作岗位。
61. Millions of people have to spend more time and energy on studying new skills and technology so that they can keep a favorable position in job market.成千上万的人们不得不花费更多的精力和时间学习新的技术和知识,使得他们在就业市场能保持优势。
62. According to a recent survey, a growing number of people express a strong desire to take another job or spend more time on their job in order to get more money to support their family.根据最近的一项调查,越来越多的人表达了想从事另外的工作或加班以赚取更多的钱来补贴家用的强烈愿望。
63. From what has been discussed above, I am fully convinced that the leisure life-style is undergoing a decline with the progress of modern society, it is not necessary a bad thing.通过以上讨论,我完全相信,随着现代社会的进步,幽闲的生活方式正在消失并不是件坏事。
64. The problem of international tourism has caused wide public concern over the recent years.近些年,国际旅游的问题引起了广泛关注。
65. Many people believe that international tourism produce positive effects on economic growth and local government should be encouraged to promote international tourism.许多人认为国际旅游对经济发展有积极作用,应鼓励地方政府发展国际旅游。
66. But what these people fail to see is that international tourism may bring about a disastrous impact on our environment and local history.但是这些人忽视了国际旅游可能会给当地环境和历史造成的灾难性的影响。
67. As for me, I'm firmly convinced that the number of foreign tourists should be limited, for the following reasons:就我而言,我坚定地认为国外旅游者的数量应得到限制,理由如下:68. In addition, in order to attract tourists, a lot of artificial facilities have been built, which have certain unfavorable effects on the environment.另外,为了吸引旅游者,大量人工设施被修建,这对环境是不利的。
69. For lack of distinct culture, some places will not attract tourists any more. Consequently, the fast rise in number of foreign tourists may eventually lead to the decline of local tourism.由于缺乏独特的文化,一些地方不再吸引旅游者。因此,国外旅游者数量的快速增加可能最终会导致当地旅游业的衰败。
70. There is a growing tendency for parents to ask their children to accept extra educational programs over the recent years.近些年,父母要求他们的孩子接受额外的教育呈增长的势头。
71. This phenomenon has caused wide public concern in many places of world.这一现象在全世界许多地方已引起了广泛关注。
72. Many parents believe that additional educational activities enjoy obvious advantage. By extra studies, they maintain, their children are able to obtain many kinds of practical skills and useful knowledge, which will put them in a beneficial position in the future job markets when they grow up.许多家长相信额外的教育活动有许多优点,通过学习,他们的孩子可以获得很多实践技能和有用的知识,当他们长大后,这些对他们就业是大有好处的。
73. In the first place, extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of children. Educational experts point out that, it is equally important to take some sport activities instead of extra studies when children have spent the whole day in a boring classroom.首先,额外的学习对孩子们的身体发育是不利的。教育专家指出,孩子们在枯燥的教室里呆了一整天后,从事一些体育活动,而不是额外的学习,是非常重要的。
74. Children are undergoing fast physical development; lack of physical exercise may produce disastrous influence on their later life.孩子们正处于身体快速发育时期,缺乏体育锻炼可能会对他们未来的生活造成严重的影响。
75. In the second place, from psychological aspect, the majority of children seem to tend to have an unfavorable attitude toward additional educational activities.第二,从心理上讲,大部分孩子似乎对额外的学习没有什么好感。
76. It is hard to imagine a student focusing their energy on textbook while other children are playing.当别的孩子在玩耍的时候,很难想象一个学生能集中精力在课本上。
77. Moreover, children will have less time to play and communicate with their peers due to extra studies, consequently, it is difficult to develop and cultivate their character and interpersonal skills. They may become more solitary and even suffer from certain mental illness.而且,由于要额外地学习,孩子们没有多少时间和同龄的孩子玩耍和交流,很难培养他们的个性和交际能力。他们可能变得孤僻甚至产生某些心理疾病。
78. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that, although extra studies indeed enjoy many obvious advantages, its disadvantages shouldn't be ignored and far outweigh its advantages. It is absurd to force children to take extra studies after school.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:尽管额外学习的确有很多优点,但它的缺点不可忽视,且远大于它的优点。因此,放学后强迫孩子额外学习是不明智的。
79. Any parents should place considerable emphasis on their children to keep the balance between play and study. As an old saying goes: All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.任何家长都应非常重视保持孩子在学习与玩耍的平衡,正如那句老话:只工作,不玩耍,聪明的孩子会变傻。
80. There is a growing tendency for parent these days to stay at home to look after their children instead of returning to work earlier.现在,父亲或母亲留在家里照顾他们的孩子而不愿过早返回工作岗位正成为增加的趋势。
81. Parents are firmly convinced that, to send their child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have an unfavorable influence on the growth of children.父母们坚定地相信把孩子送到幼儿园对他们的成长不利。
82. However, this idea is now being questioned by more and more experts, who point out that it is unhealthy for children who always stay with their parents at home.然而,这一想法正遭受越来越多的专家的质疑,他们指出,孩子总是呆在家里,和父母在一起,是不健康的。
83. Although parent would be able to devote much more time and energy to their children, it must be admitted that, parent has less experience and knowledge about how to educate and supervise children, when compared with professional teachers working in kindergartens or nursery schools.尽管父母能在他们孩子身上投入更多时间和精力,但是必须承认,与工作在幼儿园的专职教师相比,他们在如何管理教育孩子方面缺乏知识和经验。
84. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that, although the parents' desire to look after children by themselves is understandable, its disadvantages far outweigh the advantages.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出如下结论:尽管家长想亲自照看孩子的愿望是可以理解的,但是这样做的缺点远大于优点。
85. Parents should be encouraged to send their children to nursery schools, which will bring about profound impacts on children and families, and even the society as a whole.应该鼓励父母将他们的孩子送到幼儿园,这将对孩子,家庭,甚至整个社会产生深远的影响。
86. Many leaders of government always go into raptures at the mere mention of artistic and cultural projects. They are forever talking about the nice parks, the smart sculptures in central city and the art galleries with various valuable rarities. Nothing, they maintain, is more essential than such projects in the economic growth.只要一提起艺术和文化项目,一些政府领导就会兴奋不已,他们滔滔不绝地说着美丽的公园,城市中心漂亮的雕塑,还有满是稀世珍宝的艺术展览馆。他们认为在经济发展中,没有什么比这些艺术项目更重要了。
87. But is it really the case? The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that artistic and cultural projects may be less useful than many governments think. In fact, basic infrastructure projects are playing extremely important role and should be given priority.这是真的吗?这些年我收集的信息让我相信这些文化、艺术项目并没有许多政府想象的那么重要。事实上,基础设施建设非常重要,应该放在首位。
88. Those who are in favor of artistic and cultural projects advocate that cultural environment will attract more tourists, which will bring huge profits to local residents. Some people even equate the build of such projects with the improving of economic construction.那些赞成建设文化艺术项目的人认为文化环境会吸引更多的游客,这将给当地居民带来巨大的利益。一些人甚至把建设文化艺术项目与发展经济建设等同起来。
89. Unfortunately, there is very few evidence that big companies are willing to invest a huge sums of money in a place without sufficient basic projects, such as supplies of electricity and water.然而,很少有证据表明大公司愿意把巨额的资金投到一个连水电这些基础设施都不完善的地方去。
90. From what has been discussed above, it would be reasonable to believe that basic projects play far more important role than artistic and cultural projects in people's life and economic growth.通过以上讨论,我们有理由相信在人们的生活和经济发展方面,基础建设比艺术文化项目发挥更大的作用。
91. Those urban planners who are blind to this point will pay a heavy price, which they cannot afford it.那些城市的规划者们如果忽视这一点,将会付出他们无法承受的代价。
92. There is a growing tendency these days for many people who live in rural areas to come into and work in city. This problem has caused wide public concern in most cities all over the world.农民进城打工正成为增长的趋势,这一问题在世界上大部分城市已引起普遍关注。
93. An investigation shows that many emigrants think that working at city provide them with not only a higher salary but also the opportunity of learning new skills.一项调查显示许多民工认为在城市打工不仅有较高的收入,而且能学到一些新技术。
94. It must be noted that improvement in agriculture seems to not be able to catch up with the increase in population of rural areas and there are millions of peasants who still live a miserable life and have to face the dangers of exposure and starvation.必须指出,农业的发展似乎赶不上农村人口的增加,并且仍有成千上万的农民过着缺衣挨饿的贫寒生活。
95. Although rural emigrants contribute greatly to the economic growth of the cities, they may in50y bring about many negative impacts.尽管民工对城市的经济发展做出了巨大贡献,然而他们也不可避免的带来了一些负面影响。
96. Many sociologists point out that rural emigrants are putting pressure on population control and social order; that they are threatening to take already scarce city jobs; and that they have worsened traffic and public health problems.许多社会学家指出民工正给人口控制和社会治安带来压力。他们正在威胁着本已萧条的工作市场,他们恶化了交通和公共卫生状况。
97. It is suggested that governments ought to make efforts to reduce the increasing gap between cities and countryside. They ought to set aside an appropriate fund for improvement of the standard of peasants' lives. They ought to invite some experts in agriculture to share their experiences, information and knowledge with peasants, which will contribute directly to the economic growth of rural areas.建议政府应该努力减少正在拉大的城乡差距。应该划拨适当的资金提高农民的生活水平;应该邀请农业专家向农民介绍他们的经验,知识和信息,这些将有助于发展农村经济。
98. In conclusion, we must take into account this problem rationally and place more emphases on peasants' lives. Any government that is blind to this point will pay a heavy price.总之,我们应理智考虑这一问题,重视农民的生活。任何政府忽视这一点都将付出巨大的代价。
99. Although many experts from universities and institutes consistently maintain that it is an in50e part of an independent life, parents in growing numbers are starting to realize that people, including teachers and experts in education, should pay considerable attention to this problem.尽管来自高校和研究院的许多专家坚持认为这是独立生活不可避免的一部分,然而越来越多的家长开始意识到包括教师和教育专家在内的人们应该认真对待这一问题。
100. As for me, it is essential to know, at first, what kind of problems young students possible would encounter on campus.我认为,首先应看看学生们在校园可能遇到哪些问题。
101. In addition to the obvious problem——loneliness, another major obstacle, in my opinion, is the alien environment of campus.除了孤独这一明显的问题之外,我认为另一个困难是对校园环境的不熟悉。
102. Freshmen often get lost on campus; fail to find the way to dormitory or library.新生常常在校园迷路,不知道去宿舍或图书馆该怎么走。
103. Most important of all, apart from their hometown and parents, students couldn't catch sight of any familiar face and have to suffer from homelessness, which can cause certain serious mental disease.更重要的是,离开了家乡和父母,看不到任何熟悉的面孔,他们不得不忍受思家之苦,这可能会导致严重的精神疾病。
104. In the first place, school authorities should provide far more services to help freshmen to get used to the new life as soon as possible.首先,学校应提供更多的服务,帮助新生尽快适应新的生活。
105. The senior and junior students could share their own experience about how to overcome the difficulty they have ever met, how to adjust to the new environment with the new students.高年级学生可以与新生一起分享他们的经历:如何克服遇到的困难,如何适应新的环境。
106. At the same time, young people should be encouraged to communicate with their peers and develop their interpersonal skills, which may help them greatly to reduce dependence on their parents and are essential in the maintenance of healthy mental condition.同时,应该鼓励年轻人和他们的同龄人交往,发展他们的交际能力,这将帮助他们极大地减少对父母的倚赖并且保持健康的精神状态。
107. In conclusion, we must lay emphasis on this problem and make our maximum contribution to help them spend their first day on campus smoothly.总之,我们应重视这个问题,尽最大努力帮助他们平稳度过他们最初的校园生活。
108. There is a general discussion over fashion in recent years. One of the questions under debate is whether a person should choose comfortable clothes, which he or she likes, regardless of fashion.近些年,关于时尚存在着广泛的争论。其中一个问题就是一个人是否应选择他喜欢的舒适的衣服,而不管是否时尚。
109. This issue is becoming a matter of concern for more and more people, especially for parents and experts in education.这一问题已被越来越多的人所关注,尤其是父母和教育专家。
110. Many young people always go into raptures at the merely mention of buying fashion clothes. And they seem to be attracted by colorful material, various styles of fashion clothes. There is nothing, they maintain, that can't be compared with fashion clothes. In fact, fashion clothes had become indispensable part of youngster's life.许多年轻人一提到时尚服装就兴高采烈。他们似乎被时尚服装那多彩的面料,各种不同的款式所吸引。 111. Many people seem to overlook the basic fact: the major function of clothing is to keep us warm and comfortable.许多人似乎忽视了这个基本事实:衣服的基本功能是保持我们舒适和温暖。
112. Furthermore, people who addict to fashion clothes have to spend more time going shopping and pay more attention to the impression they make on others. As a result, it is impossible to devote enough time and energy in their study and job.而且,沉湎于时尚服装的人们不得不花费更多时间逛商店,更加注意自己给别人的印象。因此,他们不可能有足够的时间用于学习或工作。 112a. No one can doubt the essential fact that the traffic problem over the last years has caused wide public concern all over the world. Experts in increasing numbers are beginning to believe that such situation would produce unfavorable effects on economic growth of local areas.没有人能否认这一重要事实:最近几年交通问题在全世界受到了普遍关注。越来越多的专家开始相信这种状况将对当地的经济发展产生不利影响。
114. There are s50 reasons for this problem. One of the main reasons is that the number of vehicles is increasing much more rapidly than building of roads. Another primary reason is that there seem to be too many private cars and not enough public buses.关于这个问题,有很多原因。一个主要原因是车辆增加的数量远快于道路的建设。另一个主要原因是私家车过多而公交车不够。
115. Meanwhile, the numbers of people, who have access to their own cars, have risen sharply in the recent years.同时,拥有私人轿车的人数这几年却在快速增加。 116. Moreover, many people, including drivers and cyclists, do not obey the traffic rules properly, especially at busy intersections. And this undoubtedly worsens the already grave situation.而且,许多人,包括司机和骑自行车的人,不能很好地遵守交通规则,特别是在繁忙的十字路口,这无疑使本已严重的状况雪上加霜。
117. The number of private cars in urban areas should be limited while the number of public buses should be increased.在城市私人轿车的数量应得到控制而公交车的数量应该增加。
118. When asked what kind of school they are willing to send their children to attend, many parents say they would choose a boarding school rather than day schools for their children.当问到愿意将孩子送到哪种学校的时候,许多父母认为他们会选择寄宿学校而不是日制学校。
119. Many survey show that people in increasing numbers are beginning to recognize that boarding school provides better environment and facilities for children.许多调查显示越来越多的人开始意识到寄宿学校能给他们的孩子提供较好的学习环境和设施。 120. At the same time, there are still many people who live under the traditional ideas that day schools play an extremely important role in children's study.同时,仍有许多人持传统观点认为日制学校对孩子的学习发挥着极其重要的作用。
121. On the one hand, it is indisputable that boarding schools are exerting a growing important effect, especially in last few years.一方面,寄宿学校正在发挥越来越重要的作用,尤其是最近几年,这是无可争辩的。
122. Students attend a boarding school would cultivate their independence as apart from their parents.离开父母上寄宿学校的学生将会培养他们的独立性。
123. What's more, living in school can save them a great deal of time on the way between home and school everyday, so they would be able to concentrate more time and energy on their academic work.而且,生活在学校里能节省大量每天往返于学校和家的路上的时间,这会使他们有更多的时间和精力放在学习上。 124. On the other hand, the contribution of day schools can't be ignored.另一方面,日制学校的贡献是不能忽视的。
125. Due to high tuition fee, most of ordinary families cannot afford to send their children to boarding schools.因为较高的学费,大部分普通家庭支付不起他们的孩子上寄宿学校的费用。
126. Since it is unnecessary to consider student's routine life, day school can lay stress on teaching instead of other aspects, such as management of dormitory and cafeteria.由于无需考虑学生的日常生活,日制学校可以将重点放在教学上而不是放在像宿舍和食堂管理这些方面。
127. Furthermore, students living in their own home would have access to a comfortable life and have more opportunities to communicate with their parents, which have beneficial impact on development of their personal character.而且,学生生活在自己家中,有舒适的生活,并有更多机会和父母交流,这对他们个性的培养是有利的。
128. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that both of day schools and boarding schools are important to train young students for our society.通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论,寄宿学校和日制学校对我们社会培养年轻学生都是重要的。
129. There is much discussion over science and technology. One of the questions under debate is whether traditional technology and methods are bound to die out when a country begins to develop modern science and technology.关于科学技术存在许多争论,其中一个问题是当国家发展现代科学技术时,传统的技术方法是否可能会消亡? 130. As for me, the declining of traditional technology and methods is not a bad thing; it is the natural result of progress of society.我认为,传统技术方法的消亡不一定是坏事,这是社会进步的自然结果。
131. In the first place, some aspects of the traditional technology and methods are harmful and hampering the development of modern technology science.首先,传统技术方法有些部分是有害的,并且会阻碍现代科技的发展。
132. Although modern science and technology have proved that such methods are absurd, there are still millions of people use such methods in many remote places nowadays.尽管现代科学技术已经证明了这些方法是愚昧的,然而在许多偏僻的地方,仍有成千上万的人们在使用这些方法。
133. In the second place, many values of traditional technology are out of date and should be replaced by modern science.第二点,许多传统技术方法已经过时,应被现代科技所取代。
134. Although many people tend to live under the illusion that traditional technology and methods are still playing extremely important role in people's life, an increasing evidences show that it is less useful than many people think.尽管许多人保持着传统观念,认为传统技术方法在人们生活中仍发挥着重要作用,但是越来越多的证据显示它并没有人们想象的有用。
135. From what has been discussed above, I firmly believe that time will prove that traditional technology and methods would die out with the development of modern science and technology. The maintenance of the traditional technology and methods is futile.通过以上讨论,我坚定地相信时间会证明传统技术方法将会随着现代技术的发展而消亡,坚持传统技术方法是徒劳的。
136. At the time when technology means ever more harmful carbon in the air we breathe, we need these forests now more than ever.当技术的发展意味着我们会吸入更多有害气体时,我们比任何时候更需要森林。
137. Nothing is more important than to receive education.没有比接受教育更重要的事。
138. We cannot emphasize the importance of protecting our eyes too much.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。
139. There is no denying that the qualities of our living have gone from bad to worse.无可否认,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。
140. It is universally acknowledged that trees are indispensable to us.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。
141. There is no doubt that our educational system leaves something to be desired.毫无疑问,我们的教育制度令人不满意。
142. An advantage of using the solar energy is that it won't create any pollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会产生任何污染。
143. The reason why we have to grow trees is that they can supply fresh air for us.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。
144. So precious is time that we can't afford to waste it.时间是如此珍贵,我们不能浪费它。
145. Rich as our country is, the qualities of our living are by no means satisfactory.虽然我们的国家很富有,但是我们的生活质量却令人很不满意。 146. The harder you work, the more progress you make.你越努力,你越进步。
147. The more books we read, the more learned we become.我们书读得越多,我们越有学问。
148. To average people, they often tend to live under the illusion that English often means a good opportunity for one's career, is this really the case?对于一般人来说,他们常常以为掌握英语就意味着一份好的工作,然而这是真的吗?
149. By taking exercise, we can always stay healthy.通过体育锻炼,我们能够始终保持健康。
150. Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.听音乐能使我们放松。
151. On no account can we ignore th50ue of knowledge.我们绝对不能忽视知识的价值。
152. It is time the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。
153. Those who violate traffic regulations should be punished.违反交通规则的人应该受到处罚。
154. There is no one but longs to go to college.人们都希望上大学。
155. Since the examination is around the corner, I am compelled to give up doing sports.既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃作运动。
156. It is conc50e that knowledge plays an important role in our life.可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。
157. Summer is sultry. That's the reason why I don't like it.夏天很闷热,这就是我不喜欢它的原因。
158. The progress of the society is based on harmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。 159. We should bring home to people th50ue of working hard.我们应该让人们知道努力的价值。
160. Taking exercise is closely related to health.作运动与健康息息相关。
161. We should get into the habit of keeping good hours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
162. The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。
163. Smoking has a great influence on our health.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
164. Reading does good to our mind.读书对心灵有益。
165. Overwork does harm to health.工作过度对健康有害。
166. Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.污染对我们的生存造成巨大威胁。
167. We should do our best to achieve our goal in life.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
168. Weather a large family is a good thing or not is a very popular topic, which is often talked about not only by city residents but by farmers as well.家庭人口多好还是家庭人口少好是一个非常通俗的主题,不仅是城里人,而且农民都经常讨论这个问题。
169. As is known to all, fake and inferior commodities harm the interests of consumers.众所周知,假冒伪劣商品损害了消费者的利益。
170. Today an increasing number of people have realized that law education is of great importance. In order to keep law and order, every one of us is supposed to get a law education.现在,愈来愈多的人认识到法制教育的重要性。为了维护社会治安 ,我们每人都应该接受法制教育。
171. From what I have mentioned above, we can see clearly that violence on TV has great influence on youngsters' behavior.从上面我所提到的,我们可以清楚地看到,电视暴力对青少年的影响是极其深远的。
172. There are two reasons for the improvement in people's living conditions. In the first place, we have been carrying out the reform and opening-up policy. Secondly, there has been a rapid expansion of our national economy. Furthermore, the birth rate has been put under control.人民生活状况的改善原因有两点。首先,我们一直在贯彻执行改革开放政策。其次,国民经济正在迅速发展,而且出生率已经得到控制。
173. My suggestions to deal with the problem are as follows. To begin with, it is urgent to create nature reserves. Secondly, certain rare wild animals that are going to be extinct should be collected, fed and reproduced artificially. Finally, those who hunter them must be punished severely.我对解决这个问题的建议如下:首先,迫在眉睫的是建立自然保护区。其次,有些濒临灭绝的珍稀野生动物应该收捕、人工喂养并繁殖。最后,对于捕猎珍稀野生动物的人必须严惩。
174. People differ in their attitudes towards failure. Faced with it, some of them can stand up to it, draw useful lessons from it and try hard to fulfill what they are determined to do. Others, however, lose heart and give in.人们对失败持有不同的态度。面对失败,有人能够经得起考验,从失败中汲取教训,并努力去完成他们下定决心要做的事情。然而,另一些人却丧失信心并退却了。
175. It is desirable to build more hospitals, shopping centers, recreation centers, cinemas and other public facilities to meet the growing needs of people.人们希望建立更多的医院、购物中心、娱乐中心、电影院和其他公用设施来满足人们日益增长的需求。
176. As a popular saying goes, "everything has two sides." Now the public are benefiting more and more from scientific and technological inventions. On the other hand, the progress of science and technology is bringing us a lot of trouble. People in many countries are suffering from public hazards.常言道:事情总是一分为二的。如今人们从科技发明中得到越来越多的好处。另一方面,科技进步也给我们带来了许多麻烦。现在许多国家 的人民饱受公害之苦。
177. Let's take cars for example. They not only pollute the air in cities, but make them crowded. Furthermore, they are responsible for a lot of traffic accidents. The noise made by cars disturbs the residents living on both sides of streets all day and night.就拿汽车为例。汽车不仅污染城市空气,而且使城市拥挤不堪。此外,汽车造成许多交通事故。汽车所产生的噪音使居住在街道两旁的居民日夜不得安宁。
178. It is generally believed that the chief reason for the increase in population in developed countries is not so much the rise in birth rates as the decline in death rates as a result of the improvement in medical care.普遍认为,在发达国家人口增长的主要原因与其说是出生率的上升,还不如说是由于医疗保健的改善使死亡率下降了。
179. There is no doubt that the increase in demand caused the rise in prices.毫无疑问,需求的增长导致了价格的上涨。
180. Additional social stresses may also occur because of the population explosion or problems arising from mass migration movements-themselves made relatively easy nowadays by modern means of transport.由于人口的猛增或大量人口流动(现代交通工具使这种流动相对容易)引发的种种问题也会对社会造成新的压力。
181. With the opening and reform policy being carried out, thousands upon thousands of foreign visitors are crowding into our country. They are eager to see this old mysterious land with a splendid culture of more than 5,000years.随着改革开放政策的贯彻执行,数以万计的外国游人涌入中国。他们渴望参观这个有着5000多年灿烂文化的神秘古国。
182. Tourism brings China a lot of benefits. First, it enables the Chinese people to know more about the outside world and promotes friendship and understanding. Second, it is financially beneficial to China, which needs more foreign currencies for its modernization program.旅游业给中国带来许多好处。首先,它使中国人了解外界,并有助于促进友谊和理解。其次,在经济上也有利于我国,因为中国现代化建设需要大量的外汇。
183 Tourism, however, gives rise to a number of problems. For instance, it becomes a burden to inefficient transportation system.旅游业也引起许多问题。例如,它增加了我国本来效率不高的运输系统的负担。
184. Besides, the living standard of the average Chinese is still not high enough to be able to afford the many different sorts of expensed during long distance travels.此外,中国人民的生活水平还没有高到足以使普通中国人有钱支付长途旅行的各种开支。
185. As for me, with the development of our national economy, all these problems will certainly be solved step by step.至于我,我相信,随着我国经济的发展,这些问题必将逐步解决。
186. A much better and brighter future awaits us.我们期望有一个更加光明的未来。
187. When an opportunity comes, it brings a promise but never realizes it on its own.每当机遇降临,伴之而来的是成功的希望,但是机遇不能自行实现成功。
188. If you want to achieve something or intend to fulfill one of your ambitions, you must work hard, make efforts and get prepared. Otherwise, you will take no advantage of opportunities when they come to visit you.假如你要取得成就或要实现你的雄心壮志,你必须努力工作、艰苦奋斗、准备好条件。否则,机遇来临你却无法利用。 189. The difference between a man who succeeds and one who does not lies only in the way each treats opportunities. The successful person always makes adequate preparations to meet opportunities as they duly arrive. The unsuccessful person, on the other hand, works little and just waits to see pass by.成功者与失败者的区别在于处理机遇的态度。成功者做好充分准备迎接机遇的适时来临。而失败者工作懒散,眼看机遇悄然而过。
190. In my opinion, there are plenty of opportunities for everyone in our society, but only those who are prepared adequately and qualified highly can make use of them to achieve purpose.我的观点是:在我们的社会里,人人都有许多机遇,但是只有那些做好充分准备并且高度称职的人才能利用机遇达到目的。
191. Anthropologists have discovered that fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise are universally reflected in facial 50s.人类学家已经发现,恐惧,快乐,悲伤和惊奇都会行之于色,这在全人类是共通的。
192. The greater the population there is in a locality, the greater the need there is for water, transportation, and disposal of refuse.一个地方的人口越多,对其水。交通和垃圾处理的需求就会越大。
193. Long before children are able to speak or understand a language, they communicate through facial 50s and by making noises.儿童在能说或能听懂语言之前,很久就会通过面部表情和靠发出噪声来与人交流了。
194. Children with parents whose guidance is firm, consistent, and rational are inclined to possess high levels of self-confidence.父母的教导如果坚定,理性,始终如一,孩子就有可能充满自信。
195. Television, the most pervasive and persuasive of modern technologies, marked by rapid change and growth, is moving into a new era, an era of extraordinary sophistication and versatility, which promises to reshape our lives and our world.电视,这项从迅速变化和成长为标志的最普及和最有影响力的现代技术,正在步入一个新时代,一个极为成熟和多样化的时代,这将重塑我们的生活和世界。
196. Television is more than just an electronic appliance; it is a means of 50, as well as a vehicle for communication, and as such becomes a powerful tool for reaching other human beings.电视不仅仅是一件电器;它是表达的手段和交流的载体,并因此成为联系他人的有力工具。
197. I am always amazed when I heard people saying that sport creates goodwill between the nations, and that if only the common peoples of the world could meet one another at football or cricket, they would have no inclination to meet on the battlefield.每当我听说体育运动能够在国家间建立起友好感情,说世界各地的普通人只要能在足球场或板球场上相遇就会没有兴趣在战场上相遇的话,我都倍感诧异。
198. One of the great early writers wrote that: Work is the grand cure of all the maladies and miseries that ever beset mankind. If this is true, then the present situation should make us wonder whether the measure that the average worker is obliged to retire at the age of 50 is reasonable.一位伟大的作家曾写到:工作是医治人间一切病痛和疾苦的万应良药。 如果是这样的话,那么现在的状况应使我们想一想,强迫普通工人在50岁退休是否合理。
199. "The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want, and if they cannot find them, make them." Such is the remark made by Bernard Shaw, a great writer. This view has been shared now by more and more people.著名作家萧伯纳曾说过:在这个世界上取得成功的人,都努力去寻求他们想要的机会,如果找不到时,他们就自己创造机会。这一观点现在正在被越来越多的人所接受。
200. Adler is correct in this assertion that education does not end with graduation.阿得勒这句话很正确,教育不能随着毕业而结束。
收藏:开始→运行→输入的命令集锦
收藏:开始→运行→输入的命令集锦
整理:www.superdown.com 作者/出处:eNet
gpedit.msc-----组策略
sndrec32-------录音机
Nslookup-------IP地址侦测器
explorer-------打开资源管理器
logoff---------注销命令
tsshutdn-------60秒倒计时关机命令
lusrmgr.msc----本机用户和组
services.msc---本地服务设置
oobe/msoobe /a----检查XP是否激活
notepad--------打开记事本
cleanmgr-------垃圾整理
net start messenger----开始信使服务
compmgmt.msc---计算机管理
net stop messenger-----停止信使服务
conf-----------启动 netmeeting
dvdplay--------DVD播放器
charmap--------启动字符映射表
diskmgmt.msc---磁盘管理实用程序
calc-----------启动计算器
dfrg.msc-------磁盘碎片整理程序
chkdsk.exe-----Chkdsk磁盘检查
devmgmt.msc--- 设备管理器
regsvr32 /u *.dll----停止dll文件运行
drwtsn32------ 系统医生
rononce -p ----15秒关机
dxdiag---------检查DirectX信息
regedt32-------注册表编辑器
Msconfig.exe---系统配置实用程序
rsop.msc-------组策略结果集
mem.exe--------显示内存使用情况
regedit.exe----注册表
winchat--------XP自带局域网聊天
progman--------程序管理器
winmsd---------系统信息
perfmon.msc----计算机性能监测程序
winver---------检查Windows版本
sfc /scannow-----扫描错误并复原
taskmgr-----任务管理器(2000/xp/2003) (编辑:www.superdown.com)
整理:www.superdown.com 作者/出处:eNet
gpedit.msc-----组策略
sndrec32-------录音机
Nslookup-------IP地址侦测器
explorer-------打开资源管理器
logoff---------注销命令
tsshutdn-------60秒倒计时关机命令
lusrmgr.msc----本机用户和组
services.msc---本地服务设置
oobe/msoobe /a----检查XP是否激活
notepad--------打开记事本
cleanmgr-------垃圾整理
net start messenger----开始信使服务
compmgmt.msc---计算机管理
net stop messenger-----停止信使服务
conf-----------启动 netmeeting
dvdplay--------DVD播放器
charmap--------启动字符映射表
diskmgmt.msc---磁盘管理实用程序
calc-----------启动计算器
dfrg.msc-------磁盘碎片整理程序
chkdsk.exe-----Chkdsk磁盘检查
devmgmt.msc--- 设备管理器
regsvr32 /u *.dll----停止dll文件运行
drwtsn32------ 系统医生
rononce -p ----15秒关机
dxdiag---------检查DirectX信息
regedt32-------注册表编辑器
Msconfig.exe---系统配置实用程序
rsop.msc-------组策略结果集
mem.exe--------显示内存使用情况
regedit.exe----注册表
winchat--------XP自带局域网聊天
progman--------程序管理器
winmsd---------系统信息
perfmon.msc----计算机性能监测程序
winver---------检查Windows版本
sfc /scannow-----扫描错误并复原
taskmgr-----任务管理器(2000/xp/2003) (编辑:www.superdown.com)
计算机端口介绍[详细列表]
计算机端口介绍[详细列表]
我们常常会在各类的技术文章中见到诸如135、137、139、443之类的“端口”,可是这些端口究竟有什么用呢?它会不会给我们的计算机带来潜在的威胁呢?究竟有多少端口是有用的?想要了解的话,就跟我来吧:D
端口:0
服务:Reserved
说明:通常用于分析操作系统。这一方法能够工作是因为在一些系统中“0”是无效端口,当你试图使用通常的闭合端口连接它时将产生不同的结果。一种典型的扫描,使用IP地址为0.0.0.0,设置ACK位并在以太网层广播。
端口:1
服务:tcpmux
说明:这显示有人在寻找SGI Irix机器。Irix是实现tcpmux的主要提供者,默认情况下tcpmux在这种系统中被打开。Irix机器在发布是含有几个默认的无密码的帐户,如:IP、GUEST UUCP、NUUCP、DEMOS 、TUTOR、DIAG、OUTOFBOX等。许多管理员在安装后忘记删除这些帐户。因此HACKER在INTERNET上搜索tcpmux并利用这些帐户。
端口:7
服务:Echo
说明:能看到许多人搜索Fraggle放大器时,发送到X.X.X.0和X.X.X.255的信息。
端口:19
服务:Character Generator
说明:这是一种仅仅发送字符的服务。UDP版本将会在收到UDP包后回应含有垃圾字符的包。TCP连接时会发送含有垃圾字符的数据流直到连接关闭。HACKER利用IP欺骗可以发动DoS攻击。伪造两个chargen服务器之间的UDP包。同样Fraggle DoS攻击向目标地址的这个端口广播一个带有伪造受害者IP的数据包,受害者为了回应这些数据而过载。
端口:21
服务:FTP
说明:FTP服务器所开放的端口,用于上传、下载。最常见的攻击者用于寻找打开anonymous的FTP服务器的方法。这些服务器带有可读写的目录。木马Doly Trojan、Fore、Invisible FTP、WebEx、WinCrash和Blade Runner所开放的端口。
端口:22
服务:Ssh
说明:PcAnywhere建立的TCP和这一端口的连接可能是为了寻找ssh。这一服务有许多弱点,如果配置成特定的模式,许多使用RSAREF库的版本就会有不少的漏洞存在。
端口:23
服务:Telnet
说明:远程登录,入侵者在搜索远程登录UNIX的服务。大多数情况下扫描这一端口是为了找到机器运行的操作系统。还有使用其他技术,入侵者也会找到密码。木马Tiny Telnet Server就开放这个端口。
端口:25
服务:SMTP
说明:SMTP服务器所开放的端口,用于发送邮件。入侵者寻找SMTP服务器是为了传递他们的SPAM。入侵者的帐户被关闭,他们需要连接到高带宽的E-MAIL服务器上,将简单的信息传递到不同的地址。木马Antigen、Email Password Sender、Haebu Coceda、Shtrilitz Stealth、WinPC、WinSpy都开放这个端口。
端口:31
服务:MSG Authentication
说明:木马Master Paradise、Hackers Paradise开放此端口。
端口:42
服务:WINS Replication
说明:WINS复制
端口:53
服务:Domain Name Server(DNS)
说明:DNS服务器所开放的端口,入侵者可能是试图进行区域传递(TCP),欺骗DNS(UDP)或隐藏其他的通信。因此防火墙常常过滤或记录此端口。
端口:67
服务:Bootstrap Protocol Server
说明:通过DSL和Cable modem的防火墙常会看见大量发送到广播地址255.255.255.255的数据。这些机器在向DHCP服务器请求一个地址。HACKER常进入它们,分配一个地址把自己作为局部路由器而发起大量中间人(man-in-middle)攻击。客户端向68端口广播请求配置,服务器向67端口广播回应请求。这种回应使用广播是因为客户端还不知道可以发送的IP地址。
端口:69
服务:Trival File Transfer
说明:许多服务器与bootp一起提供这项服务,便于从系统下载启动代码。但是它们常常由于错误配置而使入侵者能从系统中窃取任何 文件。它们也可用于系统写入文件。
端口:79
服务:Finger Server
说明:入侵者用于获得用户信息,查询操作系统,探测已知的缓冲区溢出错误,回应从自己机器到其他机器Finger扫描。
端口:80
服务:HTTP
说明:用于网页浏览。木马Executor开放此端口。
端口:99
服务:Metagram Relay
说明:后门程序ncx99开放此端口。
端口:102
服务:Message transfer agent(MTA)-X.400 over TCP/IP
说明:消息传输代理。
端口:109
服务:Post Office Protocol -Version3
说明:POP3服务器开放此端口,用于接收邮件,客户端访问服务器端的邮件服务。POP3服务有许多公认的弱点。关于用户名和密码交 换缓冲区溢出的弱点至少有20个,这意味着入侵者可以在真正登陆前进入系统。成功登陆后还有其他缓冲区溢出错误。
端口:110
服务:SUN公司的RPC服务所有端口
说明:常见RPC服务有rpc.mountd、NFS、rpc.statd、rpc.csmd、rpc.ttybd、amd等
端口:113
服务:Authentication Service
说明:这是一个许多计算机上运行的协议,用于鉴别TCP连接的用户。使用标准的这种服务可以获得许多计算机的信息。但是它可作为许多服务的记录器,尤其是FTP、POP、IMAP、SMTP和IRC等服务。通常如果有许多客户通过防火墙访问这些服务,将会看到许多这个端口的连接请求。记住,如果阻断这个端口客户端会感觉到在防火墙另一边与E-MAIL服务器的缓慢连接。许多防火墙支持TCP连接的阻断过程中发回RST。这将会停止缓慢的连接。
端口:119
服务:Network News Transfer Protocol
说明:NEWS新闻组传输协议,承载USENET通信。这个端口的连接通常是人们在寻找USENET服务器。多数ISP限制,只有他们的客户才能访问他们的新闻组服务器。打开新闻组服务器将允许发/读任何人的帖子,访问被限制的新闻组服务器,匿名发帖或发送SPAM。
端口:135
服务:Location Service
说明:Microsoft在这个端口运行DCE RPC end-point mapper为它的DCOM服务。这与UNIX 111端口的功能很相似。使用DCOM和RPC的服务利用计算机上的end-point mapper注册它们的位置。远端客户连接到计算机时,它们查找end-point mapper找到服务的位置。HACKER扫描计算机的这个端口是为了找到这个计算机上运行Exchange Server吗?什么版本?还有些DOS攻击直接针对这个端口。
端口:137、138、139
服务:NETBIOS Name Service
说明:其中137、138是UDP端口,当通过网上邻居传输文件时用这个端口。而139端口:通过这个端口进入的连接试图获得NetBIOS/SMB服务。这个协议被用于windows文件和打印机共享和SAMBA。还有WINS Regisrtation也用它。
端口:143
服务:Interim Mail Access Protocol v2
说明:和POP3的安全问题一样,许多IMAP服务器存在有缓冲区溢出漏洞。记住:一种LINUX蠕虫(admv0rm)会通过这个端口繁殖,因此许多这个端口的扫描来自不知情的已经被感染的用户。当REDHAT在他们的LINUX发布版本中默认允许IMAP后,这些漏洞变的很流行。这一端口还被用于IMAP2,但并不流行。
端口:161
服务:SNMP
说明:SNMP允许远程管理设备。所有配置和运行信息的储存在数据库中,通过SNMP可获得这些信息。许多管理员的错误配置将被暴露在Internet。Cackers将试图使用默认的密码public、private访问系统。他们可能会试验所有可能的组合。SNMP包可能会被错误的指向用户的网络。
端口:177
服务:X Display Manager Control Protocol
说明:许多入侵者通过它访问X-windows操作台,它同时需要打开6000端口。
端口:389
服务:LDAP、ILS
说明:轻型目录访问协议和NetMeeting Internet Locator Server共用这一端口。
端口:443
服务:Https
说明:网页浏览端口,能提供加密和通过安全端口传输的另一种HTTP。
端口:456
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马HACKERS PARADISE开放此端口。
端口:513
服务:Login,remote login
说明:是从使用cable modem或DSL登陆到子网中的UNIX计算机发出的广播。这些人为入侵者进入他们的系统提供了信息。
端口:544
服务:[NULL]
说明:kerberos kshell
端口:548
服务:Macintosh,File Services(AFP/IP)
说明:Macintosh,文件服务。
端口:553
服务:CORBA IIOP (UDP)
说明:使用cable modem、DSL或VLAN将会看到这个端口的广播。CORBA是一种面向对象的RPC系统。入侵者可以利用这些信息进入系统。
端口:555
服务:DSF
说明:木马PhAse1.0、Stealth Spy、IniKiller开放此端口。
端口:568
服务:Membership DPA
说明:成员资格 DPA。
端口:569
服务:Membership MSN
说明:成员资格 MSN。
端口:635
服务:mountd
说明:Linux的mountd Bug。这是扫描的一个流行BUG。大多数对这个端口的扫描是基于UDP的,但是基于TCP的mountd有所增加(mountd同时运行于两个端口)。记住mountd可运行于任何端口(到底是哪个端口,需要在端口111做portmap查询),只是Linux默认端口是635,就像NFS通常运行于2049端口。
端口:636
服务:LDAP
说明:SSL(Secure Sockets layer)
端口:666
服务:Doom Id Software
说明:木马Attack FTP、Satanz Backdoor开放此端口
端口:993
服务:IMAP
说明:SSL(Secure Sockets layer)
端口:1001、1011
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Silencer、WebEx开放1001端口。木马Doly Trojan开放1011端口。
端口:1024
服务:Reserved
说明:它是动态端口的开始,许多程序并不在乎用哪个端口连接网络,它们请求系统为它们分配下一个闲置端口。基于这一点分配从端口1024开始。这就是说第一个向系统发出请求的会分配到1024端口。你可以重启机器,打开Telnet,再打开一个窗口运行natstat -a 将会看到Telnet被分配1024端口。还有SQL session也用此端口和5000端口。
端口:1025、1033
服务:1025:network blackjack 1033:[NULL]
说明:木马netspy开放这2个端口。
端口:1080
服务:SOCKS
说明:这一协议以通道方式穿过防火墙,允许防火墙后面的人通过一个IP地址访问INTERNET。理论上它应该只允许内部的通信向外到达INTERNET。但是由于错误的配置,它会允许位于防火墙外部的攻击穿过防火墙。WinGate常会发生这种错误,在加入IRC聊天室时常会看到这种情况。
端口:1170
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Streaming Audio Trojan、Psyber Stream Server、Voice开放此端口。
端口:1234、1243、6711、6776
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SubSeven2.0、Ultors Trojan开放1234、6776端口。木马SubSeven1.0/1.9开放1243、6711、6776端口。
端口:1245
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Vodoo开放此端口。
端口:1433
服务:SQL
说明:Microsoft的SQL服务开放的端口。
端口:1492
服务:stone-design-1
说明:木马FTP99CMP开放此端口。
端口:1500
服务:RPC client fixed port session queries
说明:RPC客户固定端口会话查询
端口:1503
服务:NetMeeting T.120
说明:NetMeeting T.120
端口:1524
服务:ingress
说明:许多攻击脚本将安装一个后门SHELL于这个端口,尤其是针对SUN系统中Sendmail和RPC服务漏洞的脚本。如果刚安装了防火墙就看到在这个端口上的连接企图,很可能是上述原因。可以试试Telnet到用户的计算机上的这个端口,看看它是否会给你一个SHELL。连接到600/pcserver也存在这个问题。
端口:1600
服务:issd
说明:木马Shivka-Burka开放此端口。
端口:1720
服务:NetMeeting
说明:NetMeeting H.233 call Setup。
端口:1731
服务:NetMeeting Audio Call Control
说明:NetMeeting音频调用控制。
端口:1807
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SpySender开放此端口。
端口:1981
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马ShockRave开放此端口。
端口:1999
服务:cisco identification port
说明:木马BackDoor开放此端口。
端口:2000
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马GirlFriend 1.3、Millenium 1.0开放此端口。
端口:2001
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Millenium 1.0、Trojan Cow开放此端口。
端口:2023
服务:xinuexpansion 4
说明:木马Pass Ripper开放此端口。
端口:2049
服务:NFS
说明:NFS程序常运行于这个端口。通常需要访问Portmapper查询这个服务运行于哪个端口。
端口:2115
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Bugs开放此端口。
端口:2140、3150
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Deep Throat 1.0/3.0开放此端口。
端口:2500
服务:RPC client using a fixed port session replication
说明:应用固定端口会话复制的RPC客户
端口:2583
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Wincrash 2.0开放此端口。
端口:2801
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Phineas Phucker开放此端口。
端口:3024、4092
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马WinCrash开放此端口。
端口:3128
服务:squid
说明:这是squid HTTP代理服务器的默认端口。攻击者扫描这个端口是为了搜寻一个代理服务器而匿名访问Internet。也会看到搜索其他代理服务器的端口8000、8001、8080、8888。扫描这个端口的另一个原因是用户正在进入聊天室。其他用户也会检验这个端口以确定用户的机器是否支持代理。
端口:3129
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Master Paradise开放此端口。
端口:3150
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马The Invasor开放此端口。
端口:3210、4321
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SchoolBus开放此端口
端口:3333
服务:dec-notes
说明:木马Prosiak开放此端口
端口:3389
服务:超级终端
说明:WINDOWS 2000终端开放此端口。
端口:3700
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Portal of Doom开放此端口
端口:3996、4060
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马RemoteAnything开放此端口
端口:4000
服务:QQ客户端
说明:腾讯QQ客户端开放此端口。
端口:4092
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马WinCrash开放此端口。
端口:4590
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马ICQTrojan开放此端口。
端口:5000、5001、5321、50505 服务:[NULL]
说明:木马blazer5开放5000端口。木马Sockets de Troie开放5000、5001、5321、50505端口。
端口:5400、5401、5402
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Blade Runner开放此端口。
端口:5550
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马xtcp开放此端口。
端口:5569
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Robo-Hack开放此端口。
端口:5632
服务:pcAnywere
说明:有时会看到很多这个端口的扫描,这依赖于用户所在的位置。当用户打开pcAnywere时,它会自动扫描局域网C类网以寻找可能的代理(这里的代理是指agent而不是proxy)。入侵者也会寻找开放这种服务的计算机。,所以应该查看这种扫描的源地址。一些搜寻pcAnywere的扫描包常含端口22的UDP数据包。
端口:5742
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马WinCrash1.03开放此端口。
端口:6267
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马广外女生开放此端口。
端口:6400
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马The tHing开放此端口。
端口:6670、6671
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Deep Throat开放6670端口。而Deep Throat 3.0开放6671端口。
端口:6883
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马DeltaSource开放此端口。
端口:6969
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Gatecrasher、Priority开放此端口。
端口:6970
服务:RealAudio
说明:RealAudio客户将从服务器的6970-7170的UDP端口接收音频数据流。这是由TCP-7070端口外向控制连接设置的。
端口:7000
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Remote Grab开放此端口。
端口:7300、7301、7306、7307、7308
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetMonitor开放此端口。另外NetSpy1.0也开放7306端口。
端口:7323
服务:[NULL]
说明:Sygate服务器端。
端口:7626
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Giscier开放此端口。
端口:7789
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马ICKiller开放此端口。
端口:8000
服务:OICQ
说明:腾讯QQ服务器端开放此端口。 '
端口:8010
服务:Wingate
说明:Wingate代理开放此端口。
端口:8080
服务:代理端口
说明:WWW代理开放此端口。
端口:9400、9401、9402
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Incommand 1.0开放此端口。
端口:9872、9873、9874、9875、10067、10167
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Portal of Doom开放此端口
端口:9989
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马iNi-Killer开放此端口。
端口:11000
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SennaSpy开放此端口。
端口:11223
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Progenic trojan开放此端口。
端口:12076、61466
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Telecommando开放此端口。
端口:12223
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Hack'99 KeyLogger开放此端口。
端口:12345、12346
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetBus1.60/1.70、GabanBus开放此端口。
端口:12361
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Whack-a-mole开放此端口。
端口:13223
服务:PowWow
说明:PowWow是Tribal Voice的聊天程序。它允许用户在此端口打开私人聊天的连接。这一程序对于建立连接非常具有攻击性。它会驻扎在这个TCP端口等回应。造成类似心跳间隔的连接请求。如果一个拨号用户从另一个聊天者手中继承了IP地址就会发生好象有很多不同的人在测试这个端口的情况。这一协议使用OPNG作为其连接请求的前4个字节。
端口:16969
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Priority开放此端口。
端口:17027
服务:Conducent
说明:这是一个外向连接。这是由于公司内部有人安装了带有Conducent"adbot"的共享软件。Conducent"adbot"是为共享软件显示广告服务的。使用这种服务的一种流行的软件是Pkware。
端口:19191
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马蓝色火焰开放此端口。
端口:20000、20001
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Millennium开放此端口。
端口:20034
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetBus Pro开放此端口。
端口:21554
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马GirlFriend开放此端口。
端口:22222
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Prosiak开放此端口。
端口:23456
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Evil FTP、Ugly FTP开放此端口。
端口:26274、47262
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Delta开放此端口。
端口:27374
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Subseven 2.1开放此端口。
端口:30100
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetSphere开放此端口。
端口:30303
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Socket23开放此端口。
端口:30999
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Kuang开放此端口。
端口:31337、31338
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马BO(Back Orifice)开放此端口。另外木马DeepBO也开放31338端口。
端口:31339
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetSpy DK开放此端口。
端口:31666
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马BOWhack开放此端口。
端口:33333
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Prosiak开放此端口。
端口:34324
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Tiny Telnet Server、BigGluck、TN开放此端口。
端口:40412
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马The Spy开放此端口。
端口:40421、40422、40423、40426、
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Masters Paradise开放此端口。
端口:43210、54321
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SchoolBus 1.0/2.0开放此端口。
端口:44445
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Happypig开放此端口。
端口:50766
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Fore开放此端口。
端口:53001
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Remote Windows Shutdown开放此端口。
端口:65000
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Devil 1.03开放此端口。
端口:88
说明:Kerberos krb5。另外TCP的88端口也是这个用途。
端口:137
说明:SQL Named Pipes encryption over other protocols name lookup(其他协议名称查找上的SQL命名管道加密技术)和SQL RPC encryption over other protocols name lookup(其他协议名称查找上的SQL RPC加密技术)和Wins NetBT name service(WINS NetBT名称服务)和Wins Proxy都用这个端口。
端口:161
说明:Simple Network Management Protocol(SMTP)(简单网络管理协议)
端口:162
说明:SNMP Trap(SNMP陷阱)
端口:445
说明:Common Internet File System(CIFS)(公共Internet文件系统)
端口:464
说明:Kerberos kpasswd(v5)。另外TCP的464端口也是这个用途。
端口:500
说明:Internet Key Exchange(IKE)(Internet密钥交换)
端口:1645、1812
说明:Remot Authentication Dial-In User Service(RADIUS)authentication(Routing and Remote Access)(远程认证拨号用户服务)
端口:1646、1813
说明:RADIUS accounting(Routing and Remote Access)(RADIUS记帐(路由和远程访问))
端口:1701
说明:Layer Two Tunneling Protocol(L2TP)(第2层隧道协议)
端口:1801、3527
说明:Microsoft Message Queue Server(Microsoft消息队列服务器)。还有TCP的135、1801、2101、2103、2105也是同样的用途。
端口:2504
说明:Network Load Balancing(网络平衡负荷)
0 通常用于分析操作系统。这一方法能够工作是因为在一些系统中“0”是无效端口,当你试图使用一种通常的闭合端口
连接它时将产生不同的结果。一种典型的扫描:使用IP地址为0.0.0.0,设置ACK位并在以太网层广播。
我们常常会在各类的技术文章中见到诸如135、137、139、443之类的“端口”,可是这些端口究竟有什么用呢?它会不会给我们的计算机带来潜在的威胁呢?究竟有多少端口是有用的?想要了解的话,就跟我来吧:D
端口:0
服务:Reserved
说明:通常用于分析操作系统。这一方法能够工作是因为在一些系统中“0”是无效端口,当你试图使用通常的闭合端口连接它时将产生不同的结果。一种典型的扫描,使用IP地址为0.0.0.0,设置ACK位并在以太网层广播。
端口:1
服务:tcpmux
说明:这显示有人在寻找SGI Irix机器。Irix是实现tcpmux的主要提供者,默认情况下tcpmux在这种系统中被打开。Irix机器在发布是含有几个默认的无密码的帐户,如:IP、GUEST UUCP、NUUCP、DEMOS 、TUTOR、DIAG、OUTOFBOX等。许多管理员在安装后忘记删除这些帐户。因此HACKER在INTERNET上搜索tcpmux并利用这些帐户。
端口:7
服务:Echo
说明:能看到许多人搜索Fraggle放大器时,发送到X.X.X.0和X.X.X.255的信息。
端口:19
服务:Character Generator
说明:这是一种仅仅发送字符的服务。UDP版本将会在收到UDP包后回应含有垃圾字符的包。TCP连接时会发送含有垃圾字符的数据流直到连接关闭。HACKER利用IP欺骗可以发动DoS攻击。伪造两个chargen服务器之间的UDP包。同样Fraggle DoS攻击向目标地址的这个端口广播一个带有伪造受害者IP的数据包,受害者为了回应这些数据而过载。
端口:21
服务:FTP
说明:FTP服务器所开放的端口,用于上传、下载。最常见的攻击者用于寻找打开anonymous的FTP服务器的方法。这些服务器带有可读写的目录。木马Doly Trojan、Fore、Invisible FTP、WebEx、WinCrash和Blade Runner所开放的端口。
端口:22
服务:Ssh
说明:PcAnywhere建立的TCP和这一端口的连接可能是为了寻找ssh。这一服务有许多弱点,如果配置成特定的模式,许多使用RSAREF库的版本就会有不少的漏洞存在。
端口:23
服务:Telnet
说明:远程登录,入侵者在搜索远程登录UNIX的服务。大多数情况下扫描这一端口是为了找到机器运行的操作系统。还有使用其他技术,入侵者也会找到密码。木马Tiny Telnet Server就开放这个端口。
端口:25
服务:SMTP
说明:SMTP服务器所开放的端口,用于发送邮件。入侵者寻找SMTP服务器是为了传递他们的SPAM。入侵者的帐户被关闭,他们需要连接到高带宽的E-MAIL服务器上,将简单的信息传递到不同的地址。木马Antigen、Email Password Sender、Haebu Coceda、Shtrilitz Stealth、WinPC、WinSpy都开放这个端口。
端口:31
服务:MSG Authentication
说明:木马Master Paradise、Hackers Paradise开放此端口。
端口:42
服务:WINS Replication
说明:WINS复制
端口:53
服务:Domain Name Server(DNS)
说明:DNS服务器所开放的端口,入侵者可能是试图进行区域传递(TCP),欺骗DNS(UDP)或隐藏其他的通信。因此防火墙常常过滤或记录此端口。
端口:67
服务:Bootstrap Protocol Server
说明:通过DSL和Cable modem的防火墙常会看见大量发送到广播地址255.255.255.255的数据。这些机器在向DHCP服务器请求一个地址。HACKER常进入它们,分配一个地址把自己作为局部路由器而发起大量中间人(man-in-middle)攻击。客户端向68端口广播请求配置,服务器向67端口广播回应请求。这种回应使用广播是因为客户端还不知道可以发送的IP地址。
端口:69
服务:Trival File Transfer
说明:许多服务器与bootp一起提供这项服务,便于从系统下载启动代码。但是它们常常由于错误配置而使入侵者能从系统中窃取任何 文件。它们也可用于系统写入文件。
端口:79
服务:Finger Server
说明:入侵者用于获得用户信息,查询操作系统,探测已知的缓冲区溢出错误,回应从自己机器到其他机器Finger扫描。
端口:80
服务:HTTP
说明:用于网页浏览。木马Executor开放此端口。
端口:99
服务:Metagram Relay
说明:后门程序ncx99开放此端口。
端口:102
服务:Message transfer agent(MTA)-X.400 over TCP/IP
说明:消息传输代理。
端口:109
服务:Post Office Protocol -Version3
说明:POP3服务器开放此端口,用于接收邮件,客户端访问服务器端的邮件服务。POP3服务有许多公认的弱点。关于用户名和密码交 换缓冲区溢出的弱点至少有20个,这意味着入侵者可以在真正登陆前进入系统。成功登陆后还有其他缓冲区溢出错误。
端口:110
服务:SUN公司的RPC服务所有端口
说明:常见RPC服务有rpc.mountd、NFS、rpc.statd、rpc.csmd、rpc.ttybd、amd等
端口:113
服务:Authentication Service
说明:这是一个许多计算机上运行的协议,用于鉴别TCP连接的用户。使用标准的这种服务可以获得许多计算机的信息。但是它可作为许多服务的记录器,尤其是FTP、POP、IMAP、SMTP和IRC等服务。通常如果有许多客户通过防火墙访问这些服务,将会看到许多这个端口的连接请求。记住,如果阻断这个端口客户端会感觉到在防火墙另一边与E-MAIL服务器的缓慢连接。许多防火墙支持TCP连接的阻断过程中发回RST。这将会停止缓慢的连接。
端口:119
服务:Network News Transfer Protocol
说明:NEWS新闻组传输协议,承载USENET通信。这个端口的连接通常是人们在寻找USENET服务器。多数ISP限制,只有他们的客户才能访问他们的新闻组服务器。打开新闻组服务器将允许发/读任何人的帖子,访问被限制的新闻组服务器,匿名发帖或发送SPAM。
端口:135
服务:Location Service
说明:Microsoft在这个端口运行DCE RPC end-point mapper为它的DCOM服务。这与UNIX 111端口的功能很相似。使用DCOM和RPC的服务利用计算机上的end-point mapper注册它们的位置。远端客户连接到计算机时,它们查找end-point mapper找到服务的位置。HACKER扫描计算机的这个端口是为了找到这个计算机上运行Exchange Server吗?什么版本?还有些DOS攻击直接针对这个端口。
端口:137、138、139
服务:NETBIOS Name Service
说明:其中137、138是UDP端口,当通过网上邻居传输文件时用这个端口。而139端口:通过这个端口进入的连接试图获得NetBIOS/SMB服务。这个协议被用于windows文件和打印机共享和SAMBA。还有WINS Regisrtation也用它。
端口:143
服务:Interim Mail Access Protocol v2
说明:和POP3的安全问题一样,许多IMAP服务器存在有缓冲区溢出漏洞。记住:一种LINUX蠕虫(admv0rm)会通过这个端口繁殖,因此许多这个端口的扫描来自不知情的已经被感染的用户。当REDHAT在他们的LINUX发布版本中默认允许IMAP后,这些漏洞变的很流行。这一端口还被用于IMAP2,但并不流行。
端口:161
服务:SNMP
说明:SNMP允许远程管理设备。所有配置和运行信息的储存在数据库中,通过SNMP可获得这些信息。许多管理员的错误配置将被暴露在Internet。Cackers将试图使用默认的密码public、private访问系统。他们可能会试验所有可能的组合。SNMP包可能会被错误的指向用户的网络。
端口:177
服务:X Display Manager Control Protocol
说明:许多入侵者通过它访问X-windows操作台,它同时需要打开6000端口。
端口:389
服务:LDAP、ILS
说明:轻型目录访问协议和NetMeeting Internet Locator Server共用这一端口。
端口:443
服务:Https
说明:网页浏览端口,能提供加密和通过安全端口传输的另一种HTTP。
端口:456
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马HACKERS PARADISE开放此端口。
端口:513
服务:Login,remote login
说明:是从使用cable modem或DSL登陆到子网中的UNIX计算机发出的广播。这些人为入侵者进入他们的系统提供了信息。
端口:544
服务:[NULL]
说明:kerberos kshell
端口:548
服务:Macintosh,File Services(AFP/IP)
说明:Macintosh,文件服务。
端口:553
服务:CORBA IIOP (UDP)
说明:使用cable modem、DSL或VLAN将会看到这个端口的广播。CORBA是一种面向对象的RPC系统。入侵者可以利用这些信息进入系统。
端口:555
服务:DSF
说明:木马PhAse1.0、Stealth Spy、IniKiller开放此端口。
端口:568
服务:Membership DPA
说明:成员资格 DPA。
端口:569
服务:Membership MSN
说明:成员资格 MSN。
端口:635
服务:mountd
说明:Linux的mountd Bug。这是扫描的一个流行BUG。大多数对这个端口的扫描是基于UDP的,但是基于TCP的mountd有所增加(mountd同时运行于两个端口)。记住mountd可运行于任何端口(到底是哪个端口,需要在端口111做portmap查询),只是Linux默认端口是635,就像NFS通常运行于2049端口。
端口:636
服务:LDAP
说明:SSL(Secure Sockets layer)
端口:666
服务:Doom Id Software
说明:木马Attack FTP、Satanz Backdoor开放此端口
端口:993
服务:IMAP
说明:SSL(Secure Sockets layer)
端口:1001、1011
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Silencer、WebEx开放1001端口。木马Doly Trojan开放1011端口。
端口:1024
服务:Reserved
说明:它是动态端口的开始,许多程序并不在乎用哪个端口连接网络,它们请求系统为它们分配下一个闲置端口。基于这一点分配从端口1024开始。这就是说第一个向系统发出请求的会分配到1024端口。你可以重启机器,打开Telnet,再打开一个窗口运行natstat -a 将会看到Telnet被分配1024端口。还有SQL session也用此端口和5000端口。
端口:1025、1033
服务:1025:network blackjack 1033:[NULL]
说明:木马netspy开放这2个端口。
端口:1080
服务:SOCKS
说明:这一协议以通道方式穿过防火墙,允许防火墙后面的人通过一个IP地址访问INTERNET。理论上它应该只允许内部的通信向外到达INTERNET。但是由于错误的配置,它会允许位于防火墙外部的攻击穿过防火墙。WinGate常会发生这种错误,在加入IRC聊天室时常会看到这种情况。
端口:1170
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Streaming Audio Trojan、Psyber Stream Server、Voice开放此端口。
端口:1234、1243、6711、6776
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SubSeven2.0、Ultors Trojan开放1234、6776端口。木马SubSeven1.0/1.9开放1243、6711、6776端口。
端口:1245
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Vodoo开放此端口。
端口:1433
服务:SQL
说明:Microsoft的SQL服务开放的端口。
端口:1492
服务:stone-design-1
说明:木马FTP99CMP开放此端口。
端口:1500
服务:RPC client fixed port session queries
说明:RPC客户固定端口会话查询
端口:1503
服务:NetMeeting T.120
说明:NetMeeting T.120
端口:1524
服务:ingress
说明:许多攻击脚本将安装一个后门SHELL于这个端口,尤其是针对SUN系统中Sendmail和RPC服务漏洞的脚本。如果刚安装了防火墙就看到在这个端口上的连接企图,很可能是上述原因。可以试试Telnet到用户的计算机上的这个端口,看看它是否会给你一个SHELL。连接到600/pcserver也存在这个问题。
端口:1600
服务:issd
说明:木马Shivka-Burka开放此端口。
端口:1720
服务:NetMeeting
说明:NetMeeting H.233 call Setup。
端口:1731
服务:NetMeeting Audio Call Control
说明:NetMeeting音频调用控制。
端口:1807
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SpySender开放此端口。
端口:1981
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马ShockRave开放此端口。
端口:1999
服务:cisco identification port
说明:木马BackDoor开放此端口。
端口:2000
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马GirlFriend 1.3、Millenium 1.0开放此端口。
端口:2001
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Millenium 1.0、Trojan Cow开放此端口。
端口:2023
服务:xinuexpansion 4
说明:木马Pass Ripper开放此端口。
端口:2049
服务:NFS
说明:NFS程序常运行于这个端口。通常需要访问Portmapper查询这个服务运行于哪个端口。
端口:2115
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Bugs开放此端口。
端口:2140、3150
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Deep Throat 1.0/3.0开放此端口。
端口:2500
服务:RPC client using a fixed port session replication
说明:应用固定端口会话复制的RPC客户
端口:2583
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Wincrash 2.0开放此端口。
端口:2801
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Phineas Phucker开放此端口。
端口:3024、4092
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马WinCrash开放此端口。
端口:3128
服务:squid
说明:这是squid HTTP代理服务器的默认端口。攻击者扫描这个端口是为了搜寻一个代理服务器而匿名访问Internet。也会看到搜索其他代理服务器的端口8000、8001、8080、8888。扫描这个端口的另一个原因是用户正在进入聊天室。其他用户也会检验这个端口以确定用户的机器是否支持代理。
端口:3129
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Master Paradise开放此端口。
端口:3150
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马The Invasor开放此端口。
端口:3210、4321
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SchoolBus开放此端口
端口:3333
服务:dec-notes
说明:木马Prosiak开放此端口
端口:3389
服务:超级终端
说明:WINDOWS 2000终端开放此端口。
端口:3700
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Portal of Doom开放此端口
端口:3996、4060
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马RemoteAnything开放此端口
端口:4000
服务:QQ客户端
说明:腾讯QQ客户端开放此端口。
端口:4092
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马WinCrash开放此端口。
端口:4590
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马ICQTrojan开放此端口。
端口:5000、5001、5321、50505 服务:[NULL]
说明:木马blazer5开放5000端口。木马Sockets de Troie开放5000、5001、5321、50505端口。
端口:5400、5401、5402
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Blade Runner开放此端口。
端口:5550
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马xtcp开放此端口。
端口:5569
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Robo-Hack开放此端口。
端口:5632
服务:pcAnywere
说明:有时会看到很多这个端口的扫描,这依赖于用户所在的位置。当用户打开pcAnywere时,它会自动扫描局域网C类网以寻找可能的代理(这里的代理是指agent而不是proxy)。入侵者也会寻找开放这种服务的计算机。,所以应该查看这种扫描的源地址。一些搜寻pcAnywere的扫描包常含端口22的UDP数据包。
端口:5742
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马WinCrash1.03开放此端口。
端口:6267
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马广外女生开放此端口。
端口:6400
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马The tHing开放此端口。
端口:6670、6671
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Deep Throat开放6670端口。而Deep Throat 3.0开放6671端口。
端口:6883
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马DeltaSource开放此端口。
端口:6969
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Gatecrasher、Priority开放此端口。
端口:6970
服务:RealAudio
说明:RealAudio客户将从服务器的6970-7170的UDP端口接收音频数据流。这是由TCP-7070端口外向控制连接设置的。
端口:7000
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Remote Grab开放此端口。
端口:7300、7301、7306、7307、7308
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetMonitor开放此端口。另外NetSpy1.0也开放7306端口。
端口:7323
服务:[NULL]
说明:Sygate服务器端。
端口:7626
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Giscier开放此端口。
端口:7789
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马ICKiller开放此端口。
端口:8000
服务:OICQ
说明:腾讯QQ服务器端开放此端口。 '
端口:8010
服务:Wingate
说明:Wingate代理开放此端口。
端口:8080
服务:代理端口
说明:WWW代理开放此端口。
端口:9400、9401、9402
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Incommand 1.0开放此端口。
端口:9872、9873、9874、9875、10067、10167
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Portal of Doom开放此端口
端口:9989
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马iNi-Killer开放此端口。
端口:11000
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SennaSpy开放此端口。
端口:11223
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Progenic trojan开放此端口。
端口:12076、61466
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Telecommando开放此端口。
端口:12223
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Hack'99 KeyLogger开放此端口。
端口:12345、12346
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetBus1.60/1.70、GabanBus开放此端口。
端口:12361
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Whack-a-mole开放此端口。
端口:13223
服务:PowWow
说明:PowWow是Tribal Voice的聊天程序。它允许用户在此端口打开私人聊天的连接。这一程序对于建立连接非常具有攻击性。它会驻扎在这个TCP端口等回应。造成类似心跳间隔的连接请求。如果一个拨号用户从另一个聊天者手中继承了IP地址就会发生好象有很多不同的人在测试这个端口的情况。这一协议使用OPNG作为其连接请求的前4个字节。
端口:16969
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Priority开放此端口。
端口:17027
服务:Conducent
说明:这是一个外向连接。这是由于公司内部有人安装了带有Conducent"adbot"的共享软件。Conducent"adbot"是为共享软件显示广告服务的。使用这种服务的一种流行的软件是Pkware。
端口:19191
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马蓝色火焰开放此端口。
端口:20000、20001
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Millennium开放此端口。
端口:20034
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetBus Pro开放此端口。
端口:21554
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马GirlFriend开放此端口。
端口:22222
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Prosiak开放此端口。
端口:23456
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Evil FTP、Ugly FTP开放此端口。
端口:26274、47262
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Delta开放此端口。
端口:27374
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Subseven 2.1开放此端口。
端口:30100
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetSphere开放此端口。
端口:30303
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Socket23开放此端口。
端口:30999
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Kuang开放此端口。
端口:31337、31338
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马BO(Back Orifice)开放此端口。另外木马DeepBO也开放31338端口。
端口:31339
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马NetSpy DK开放此端口。
端口:31666
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马BOWhack开放此端口。
端口:33333
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Prosiak开放此端口。
端口:34324
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Tiny Telnet Server、BigGluck、TN开放此端口。
端口:40412
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马The Spy开放此端口。
端口:40421、40422、40423、40426、
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Masters Paradise开放此端口。
端口:43210、54321
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马SchoolBus 1.0/2.0开放此端口。
端口:44445
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Happypig开放此端口。
端口:50766
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Fore开放此端口。
端口:53001
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Remote Windows Shutdown开放此端口。
端口:65000
服务:[NULL]
说明:木马Devil 1.03开放此端口。
端口:88
说明:Kerberos krb5。另外TCP的88端口也是这个用途。
端口:137
说明:SQL Named Pipes encryption over other protocols name lookup(其他协议名称查找上的SQL命名管道加密技术)和SQL RPC encryption over other protocols name lookup(其他协议名称查找上的SQL RPC加密技术)和Wins NetBT name service(WINS NetBT名称服务)和Wins Proxy都用这个端口。
端口:161
说明:Simple Network Management Protocol(SMTP)(简单网络管理协议)
端口:162
说明:SNMP Trap(SNMP陷阱)
端口:445
说明:Common Internet File System(CIFS)(公共Internet文件系统)
端口:464
说明:Kerberos kpasswd(v5)。另外TCP的464端口也是这个用途。
端口:500
说明:Internet Key Exchange(IKE)(Internet密钥交换)
端口:1645、1812
说明:Remot Authentication Dial-In User Service(RADIUS)authentication(Routing and Remote Access)(远程认证拨号用户服务)
端口:1646、1813
说明:RADIUS accounting(Routing and Remote Access)(RADIUS记帐(路由和远程访问))
端口:1701
说明:Layer Two Tunneling Protocol(L2TP)(第2层隧道协议)
端口:1801、3527
说明:Microsoft Message Queue Server(Microsoft消息队列服务器)。还有TCP的135、1801、2101、2103、2105也是同样的用途。
端口:2504
说明:Network Load Balancing(网络平衡负荷)
0 通常用于分析操作系统。这一方法能够工作是因为在一些系统中“0”是无效端口,当你试图使用一种通常的闭合端口
连接它时将产生不同的结果。一种典型的扫描:使用IP地址为0.0.0.0,设置ACK位并在以太网层广播。
KMPlayer分离器解析和最优设置
这篇文章 是详细讲述 KMPlayer 的滤镜管理机制 和 各种分离器 的特性。
结论:
自定义滤镜管理器 中 不要加任何分离器。
Haali勾选 “连接到MKV文件” 和 “连接到MP4文件” 。看VC1 Remux 就让Haali “连接到Mpeg2 TS” ,用完取消勾选。
AVI 选 KMP AVISourceFilter ,MKV 选 Gabest MatroskaSource ,WMV 自动选择。
Mpeg1 ,Mpeg2 PS ,Mpeg2TS 分别选 Nero ,Nero ,Gabest。
如果看演示片, 就把 Mpeg2 TS 分离器也改成 Nero。
如果看1080P 高码 H264,就把 Mpeg2 TS 分离器改成 Elecard, CPU很强就用 Nero 或 Haali,CPU实在不够用 就选PDVD7。
解码器方面:
自定义滤镜管理器中 只应有 CoreAVC 和 Sonic Audio 两个解码器,分别设为强制 和 不使用。看1080P高码 H264时 要把前者的 强制取消。 任何片子只要含有 EAC3音轨 (Remux或HDre), 就要在 自定义滤镜管理器中 “强制使用 Sonic CineMaster Audio” 。
下面是 详细讨论 ,是新手进阶 需要学习的内容:
先啰嗦一段: 分离和解码不同。 分离由文件的 封装格式决定 ,如 AVI, MKV, WMV, TS, TP。 TS, TP, WMV是 HD的封装格式, 相应的视频编码是 (H264/ MPEG2/ WMV-HD), AVI, MKV 是多数 HDre的 封装格式, 相应的视频编码 是(H264,Xvid)。
分离器本身的 效率简单表现在 拖放速度上, 它和视频音频解码器 有配合优劣问题, 但是工作效果 和普通/极速模式, 覆盖/VMR渲染器 完全无关。 所以选择分离器的时候 不要考虑模式 和 渲染器。
先说 AVI 和 MKV。 首先保证没有把 Haali 放到自定义滤镜管理器中。 这样, AVI和MKV 分离器各自就 只由两个小勾决定, 并且达到最优效果。 AVI和MKV 完全不受 自定义滤镜管理器 中的“ 首选, 00800000, 强制使用, 设为源滤镜” 的影响,也不可能使用 Nero,Elecard 或PDVD7分离器。
*.AVI:
AVI分离器由 “滤镜控制” “源滤镜”决定, 常规选项卡 最下方 “普通AVI” 有四个选择项, 分别为系统默认 (AVI Splitter), Gabest AVI分离器 (Gabest AVI Splitter) , KMP AVI源滤镜 (KMP AVI Source Filter) ,KMP内部AVI分离器 (KMP AVI reader) 。括号里是 播放时能看到的 分离器名字。
此外,如果在 “其它” 选项卡中选择 “用Haali分离器连接 AVI (如果安装了Haali分离器) ”,则无视 常规选项卡中 的设置, 肯定会用 Haali分离AVI。 只要 “源滤镜” “其它” 选项卡中开启 “连接到某类型文件” ,KMP就一定会用 Haali分离这种文件。 在自定义滤镜管理器中 把Haali设为 源滤镜等效于 开启五个 “连接到……文件” 选项。
建议: 常规选项卡的 四个选项中用 KMP内部源滤镜 (KMP AVI Source Filter) ,并打开 “在后台打开文件” 选项,这个分离器 拖放速度非常快, 延迟小于人的反应时间 。而损坏的 AVI文件 建议用 Gabest AVI Splitter分离。
Haali的拖放速度 慢于 KMP AVI Source Filter。 此外,如果是H264编码 ,就会自动调用 PowerDVD的H264 解码器 (如果安装了的话)。 AVI+Haali+Cyberlink 这个组合不好, 会导致色斑,波纹, 画面不连贯等。
如果用Haali 作为AVI 分离器, 要在自定义滤镜管理器中 强制使用CoreAVC。 此时建议 常规选项卡中 也设置为 KMP AVI Source Filter。 这样如果Haali出问题 ,只要关闭 “用Haali连接AVI” ,就轻松转换成用 Source Filter。
采用KMP AVI Source Filter测试了几十部 X264编码, Xvid编码, WMV-HD编码AVI格式电影, 只有一部螳螂拖放时间稍长, 可能文件不完整。
*.MKV:
进入“滤镜控制” “分离器”常规选项卡 ,“Matroska分离器” 的三个选项分别为 Gabest MKV分离器 (Gabest Matroska Source), KMP内部MKV分离器 (KMP MKV reader), 系统默认 (安装了Haali后, 系统默认是Haali)。
此外,如果在“滤镜控制” “源滤镜” “其它”选项卡中打开 “用Haali分离器连接MKV” ,则无视 常规选项卡中的设置 ,必定用Haali 分离MKV。
三种分离器 拖放都很快, 稍慢于人类的 反应速度, 对多音轨支持也很好。
如果用Haali分离 MKV,DTS 音频解码器一定要选 Intervideo 或 AC3filter。 否则解含 DTS 音轨的 MKV 必定会出现各种问题, 如:不连贯, 无声或速度过快。 KMP内部MKV分离器有相同问题。 Windvd 的音频解码器 和 Haali结合解 MKV非常完美, 特别是多音轨。
建议常规选项卡中 选Gabest MKV分离器 (Gabest Matroska Source), 并开启“用Haali连接MKV”, “音频解码” 的 “DTS音频解码” 中选Windvd 的音频解码器。 这是MKV 最完美的分离方案。 万一播放出现异常, 关闭 “用Haali连接MKV” ,改用 Gabest Matroska Source。
对于AVI 和MKV, 系统中其它 所有分离器无效。
*.WMV(又称ASF):
在“源滤镜”的 Windows Media 选项卡中选择, 一旦此处选定, 系统其它设置 都不会改变所用的 分离器。
推荐“自动选择”。
五个选项中:
Windows Media 源滤镜无法运行。
KMP内部 ASF分离器, 进度条显示有问题。
KMP内部 的ASF读取器/源滤镜, “自动选择” 时的默认选择。 拖放速度非常快, 但有些文件靠近末尾处 可能无法拖放, 总时间计算错误。
新的WM ASF读取器 (WM ASF Reader) 拖放正常, 但速度较慢, 打开某些文件太慢。
“系统默认” 和WM ASF Reader 没有明显区别。
*.TS:
对于MPEG2, 绝大多数情况下都可以用 Gabest Mpeg2 Splitter。 字幕校准都以它为准, 也只有Gabest 才支持 TS中的DTS音轨。
对于H264, 按CPU档次从高到低 首选Nero/Haali (双核), Elecard (大多数用户), PDVD7(低配置)。
先说设置, 再评判各个分离器的 优劣。
TS分离器 有两种设置风格:
最好在“分离器” 的常规选项卡的 “Mpeg2(TS)分离器” 中设置,非常可靠, 立竿见影。 当然,前提是 “自定义滤镜管理器” 中没有分离器打开 “强制使用”, 也没有源滤镜 (只有两个,Mpeg Source和Haali) 在此处“设为源滤镜” 。 “设为源滤镜” 生效后相当于 “强制连接到 各种类型文件”。
如果安装了 Elecard或 Moonlight, 此处多个分离器中的 “系统默认”就是 Elecard或 Moonlight。
建议使用这种风格的 不要在自定义滤镜管理器中 添加任何分离器。
另一种设置风格 是使用自定义滤镜管理器中 的强制使用功能, 各个分离器 “强制使用” 后优先级就高于 常规选项卡中的设置 。如果只有一个为“ 强制使用”, KMP就肯定会选择它 。如果有多个开启 “强制使用”, 则按优先级值和 位置竞争KMP的恩宠。 一般排第一位的“强制使用” 的分离器就是 最终使用的分离器, 但是也可能优先使用 Elecard,因为它是 “系统默认”。 这里还是不要忘了那个大前提: 没有源滤镜在此处 “设为源滤镜”。 这种风格用熟了也不错。
评判:
MPEG2的TS, 使用Nero或Gabest, Elecard较好 。Nero流畅程度高, 拖放快,而Gabest ,Elecard稳定。 也可尝试一下Haali。
H264的TS:
只讨论使用 Cyberlink H264 解码器的情况。
模式: 要在高速/急速模式下 才能打开硬解 (建议高速模式,保留3D音效)。
渲染器: A卡用覆盖合成器, N卡用VMR9 renderless/Overlay。
PDVD7(PDVD7 Muxer) 和 “KMP内部MPEG TS分离器” CPU占用率最低, 但两者都有问题: PDVD7有时间码问题, 且不支持多音轨。 “内部分离器” 没有时间码问题, 支持多音轨, 但是兼容性很不好, 对有些片子效果很好, 对另一些则可能无声或无画面。
Elecard (Elecard MPEG Demultiplexer) 的CPU占用率高3%左右 ,时间码问题轻些, 支持多音轨。 是H264 TS的首选。
Nero字幕不同步 ,不支持多音轨 ,但比其它分离器流畅( 流畅和CPU占用是两个概念), 适合播放演示片(1080i)。
如果要保留DTS音效, 只有用Gabest。
如果要放VC1, 必须用Haali。
总之, 看Mpeg2 TS电影选Gabest ,看演示片选Nero, 看H264选Elecard。 CPU很强用Haali, CPU实在不够用选PDVD7。
*.TP,*.MPG,*.VOB全部用 Mpeg-2 Demultiplexer 或Nero就可以了, 方法为MPEG-1 和 MPEG-2 PS选 “系统”或Nero。
选读的内容:
1. KMP“参数设置” 中所有滤镜设置 都是即时生效 或 播放下一个文件生效, 不需要关闭参数设置窗口 ,不需要重启KMP, 更不需要重启系统。
2. 需要重建图标缓存 来更新图标, 如果重建缓存 无效还要重启系统。
3. CoreAVC 和 Cyberlink 6.x H264 之争:
解TS封装的H264, CoreAVC 完全输给了从 Powerdvd极致版中 分离出来的 Cyberlink 6.x H264。 解AVI/MKV 的H264, Cyberlink H264 完全输给 CoreAVC (会产生各种问题, 如减分辨率播放, 色斑,波纹,不连贯)。
4. Haali分离器 可以实时看视频 和 音频码率曲线, 只需开启 “用Haali连接……文件”。 播放时点“滤镜” “Haali” “设置” 就可以看到码率曲线。 有趣的是 H264编码的片子 ,码率曲线与 任务管理器CPU 占用率曲线大致同形。
5. 使用PDVD7 和Elecard 分离器就会 自动调用 Cyberlink H264, 无法强制调用CoreAVC。
6. Nero, Elecard, PDVD7 分离器并不被 KMP识别为源滤镜, 所以对于它们, “设为源滤镜” 无效.
结论:
自定义滤镜管理器 中 不要加任何分离器。
Haali勾选 “连接到MKV文件” 和 “连接到MP4文件” 。看VC1 Remux 就让Haali “连接到Mpeg2 TS” ,用完取消勾选。
AVI 选 KMP AVISourceFilter ,MKV 选 Gabest MatroskaSource ,WMV 自动选择。
Mpeg1 ,Mpeg2 PS ,Mpeg2TS 分别选 Nero ,Nero ,Gabest。
如果看演示片, 就把 Mpeg2 TS 分离器也改成 Nero。
如果看1080P 高码 H264,就把 Mpeg2 TS 分离器改成 Elecard, CPU很强就用 Nero 或 Haali,CPU实在不够用 就选PDVD7。
解码器方面:
自定义滤镜管理器中 只应有 CoreAVC 和 Sonic Audio 两个解码器,分别设为强制 和 不使用。看1080P高码 H264时 要把前者的 强制取消。 任何片子只要含有 EAC3音轨 (Remux或HDre), 就要在 自定义滤镜管理器中 “强制使用 Sonic CineMaster Audio” 。
下面是 详细讨论 ,是新手进阶 需要学习的内容:
先啰嗦一段: 分离和解码不同。 分离由文件的 封装格式决定 ,如 AVI, MKV, WMV, TS, TP。 TS, TP, WMV是 HD的封装格式, 相应的视频编码是 (H264/ MPEG2/ WMV-HD), AVI, MKV 是多数 HDre的 封装格式, 相应的视频编码 是(H264,Xvid)。
分离器本身的 效率简单表现在 拖放速度上, 它和视频音频解码器 有配合优劣问题, 但是工作效果 和普通/极速模式, 覆盖/VMR渲染器 完全无关。 所以选择分离器的时候 不要考虑模式 和 渲染器。
先说 AVI 和 MKV。 首先保证没有把 Haali 放到自定义滤镜管理器中。 这样, AVI和MKV 分离器各自就 只由两个小勾决定, 并且达到最优效果。 AVI和MKV 完全不受 自定义滤镜管理器 中的“ 首选, 00800000, 强制使用, 设为源滤镜” 的影响,也不可能使用 Nero,Elecard 或PDVD7分离器。
*.AVI:
AVI分离器由 “滤镜控制” “源滤镜”决定, 常规选项卡 最下方 “普通AVI” 有四个选择项, 分别为系统默认 (AVI Splitter), Gabest AVI分离器 (Gabest AVI Splitter) , KMP AVI源滤镜 (KMP AVI Source Filter) ,KMP内部AVI分离器 (KMP AVI reader) 。括号里是 播放时能看到的 分离器名字。
此外,如果在 “其它” 选项卡中选择 “用Haali分离器连接 AVI (如果安装了Haali分离器) ”,则无视 常规选项卡中 的设置, 肯定会用 Haali分离AVI。 只要 “源滤镜” “其它” 选项卡中开启 “连接到某类型文件” ,KMP就一定会用 Haali分离这种文件。 在自定义滤镜管理器中 把Haali设为 源滤镜等效于 开启五个 “连接到……文件” 选项。
建议: 常规选项卡的 四个选项中用 KMP内部源滤镜 (KMP AVI Source Filter) ,并打开 “在后台打开文件” 选项,这个分离器 拖放速度非常快, 延迟小于人的反应时间 。而损坏的 AVI文件 建议用 Gabest AVI Splitter分离。
Haali的拖放速度 慢于 KMP AVI Source Filter。 此外,如果是H264编码 ,就会自动调用 PowerDVD的H264 解码器 (如果安装了的话)。 AVI+Haali+Cyberlink 这个组合不好, 会导致色斑,波纹, 画面不连贯等。
如果用Haali 作为AVI 分离器, 要在自定义滤镜管理器中 强制使用CoreAVC。 此时建议 常规选项卡中 也设置为 KMP AVI Source Filter。 这样如果Haali出问题 ,只要关闭 “用Haali连接AVI” ,就轻松转换成用 Source Filter。
采用KMP AVI Source Filter测试了几十部 X264编码, Xvid编码, WMV-HD编码AVI格式电影, 只有一部螳螂拖放时间稍长, 可能文件不完整。
*.MKV:
进入“滤镜控制” “分离器”常规选项卡 ,“Matroska分离器” 的三个选项分别为 Gabest MKV分离器 (Gabest Matroska Source), KMP内部MKV分离器 (KMP MKV reader), 系统默认 (安装了Haali后, 系统默认是Haali)。
此外,如果在“滤镜控制” “源滤镜” “其它”选项卡中打开 “用Haali分离器连接MKV” ,则无视 常规选项卡中的设置 ,必定用Haali 分离MKV。
三种分离器 拖放都很快, 稍慢于人类的 反应速度, 对多音轨支持也很好。
如果用Haali分离 MKV,DTS 音频解码器一定要选 Intervideo 或 AC3filter。 否则解含 DTS 音轨的 MKV 必定会出现各种问题, 如:不连贯, 无声或速度过快。 KMP内部MKV分离器有相同问题。 Windvd 的音频解码器 和 Haali结合解 MKV非常完美, 特别是多音轨。
建议常规选项卡中 选Gabest MKV分离器 (Gabest Matroska Source), 并开启“用Haali连接MKV”, “音频解码” 的 “DTS音频解码” 中选Windvd 的音频解码器。 这是MKV 最完美的分离方案。 万一播放出现异常, 关闭 “用Haali连接MKV” ,改用 Gabest Matroska Source。
对于AVI 和MKV, 系统中其它 所有分离器无效。
*.WMV(又称ASF):
在“源滤镜”的 Windows Media 选项卡中选择, 一旦此处选定, 系统其它设置 都不会改变所用的 分离器。
推荐“自动选择”。
五个选项中:
Windows Media 源滤镜无法运行。
KMP内部 ASF分离器, 进度条显示有问题。
KMP内部 的ASF读取器/源滤镜, “自动选择” 时的默认选择。 拖放速度非常快, 但有些文件靠近末尾处 可能无法拖放, 总时间计算错误。
新的WM ASF读取器 (WM ASF Reader) 拖放正常, 但速度较慢, 打开某些文件太慢。
“系统默认” 和WM ASF Reader 没有明显区别。
*.TS:
对于MPEG2, 绝大多数情况下都可以用 Gabest Mpeg2 Splitter。 字幕校准都以它为准, 也只有Gabest 才支持 TS中的DTS音轨。
对于H264, 按CPU档次从高到低 首选Nero/Haali (双核), Elecard (大多数用户), PDVD7(低配置)。
先说设置, 再评判各个分离器的 优劣。
TS分离器 有两种设置风格:
最好在“分离器” 的常规选项卡的 “Mpeg2(TS)分离器” 中设置,非常可靠, 立竿见影。 当然,前提是 “自定义滤镜管理器” 中没有分离器打开 “强制使用”, 也没有源滤镜 (只有两个,Mpeg Source和Haali) 在此处“设为源滤镜” 。 “设为源滤镜” 生效后相当于 “强制连接到 各种类型文件”。
如果安装了 Elecard或 Moonlight, 此处多个分离器中的 “系统默认”就是 Elecard或 Moonlight。
建议使用这种风格的 不要在自定义滤镜管理器中 添加任何分离器。
另一种设置风格 是使用自定义滤镜管理器中 的强制使用功能, 各个分离器 “强制使用” 后优先级就高于 常规选项卡中的设置 。如果只有一个为“ 强制使用”, KMP就肯定会选择它 。如果有多个开启 “强制使用”, 则按优先级值和 位置竞争KMP的恩宠。 一般排第一位的“强制使用” 的分离器就是 最终使用的分离器, 但是也可能优先使用 Elecard,因为它是 “系统默认”。 这里还是不要忘了那个大前提: 没有源滤镜在此处 “设为源滤镜”。 这种风格用熟了也不错。
评判:
MPEG2的TS, 使用Nero或Gabest, Elecard较好 。Nero流畅程度高, 拖放快,而Gabest ,Elecard稳定。 也可尝试一下Haali。
H264的TS:
只讨论使用 Cyberlink H264 解码器的情况。
模式: 要在高速/急速模式下 才能打开硬解 (建议高速模式,保留3D音效)。
渲染器: A卡用覆盖合成器, N卡用VMR9 renderless/Overlay。
PDVD7(PDVD7 Muxer) 和 “KMP内部MPEG TS分离器” CPU占用率最低, 但两者都有问题: PDVD7有时间码问题, 且不支持多音轨。 “内部分离器” 没有时间码问题, 支持多音轨, 但是兼容性很不好, 对有些片子效果很好, 对另一些则可能无声或无画面。
Elecard (Elecard MPEG Demultiplexer) 的CPU占用率高3%左右 ,时间码问题轻些, 支持多音轨。 是H264 TS的首选。
Nero字幕不同步 ,不支持多音轨 ,但比其它分离器流畅( 流畅和CPU占用是两个概念), 适合播放演示片(1080i)。
如果要保留DTS音效, 只有用Gabest。
如果要放VC1, 必须用Haali。
总之, 看Mpeg2 TS电影选Gabest ,看演示片选Nero, 看H264选Elecard。 CPU很强用Haali, CPU实在不够用选PDVD7。
*.TP,*.MPG,*.VOB全部用 Mpeg-2 Demultiplexer 或Nero就可以了, 方法为MPEG-1 和 MPEG-2 PS选 “系统”或Nero。
选读的内容:
1. KMP“参数设置” 中所有滤镜设置 都是即时生效 或 播放下一个文件生效, 不需要关闭参数设置窗口 ,不需要重启KMP, 更不需要重启系统。
2. 需要重建图标缓存 来更新图标, 如果重建缓存 无效还要重启系统。
3. CoreAVC 和 Cyberlink 6.x H264 之争:
解TS封装的H264, CoreAVC 完全输给了从 Powerdvd极致版中 分离出来的 Cyberlink 6.x H264。 解AVI/MKV 的H264, Cyberlink H264 完全输给 CoreAVC (会产生各种问题, 如减分辨率播放, 色斑,波纹,不连贯)。
4. Haali分离器 可以实时看视频 和 音频码率曲线, 只需开启 “用Haali连接……文件”。 播放时点“滤镜” “Haali” “设置” 就可以看到码率曲线。 有趣的是 H264编码的片子 ,码率曲线与 任务管理器CPU 占用率曲线大致同形。
5. 使用PDVD7 和Elecard 分离器就会 自动调用 Cyberlink H264, 无法强制调用CoreAVC。
6. Nero, Elecard, PDVD7 分离器并不被 KMP识别为源滤镜, 所以对于它们, “设为源滤镜” 无效.
上海fM
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FM 101.7 动感101(东方电台流行音乐频率)
FM 100.9 松江电台(郊区电台) (有严重杂音)
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FM 96.8 开心调频(上海电台文艺频率)
FM 96.2 宝山电台(郊区电台) (有严重杂音)
FM 94.7 经典947(东方电台经典音乐频率)
FM 93.4 990新闻频率(上海人民广播电台)
FM 92.4 海上戏剧(上海电台戏剧频率)
FM 91.4 中央电台经济之声(去年12月底开始在上海转播)
FM 89.9 都市792(东方电台都市频率)
FM 87.9 中国国际广播电台轻松调频(1月1日开始在上海转播)
FM 105.7 上海电台交通频率(AM648)
FM 104.5 东广新闻台(东方广播电台)
FM 103.7 魅力103(东方电台流行音乐频率)
FM 101.7 动感101(东方电台流行音乐频率)
FM 100.9 松江电台(郊区电台) (有严重杂音)
FM 99.0 中央电台中国之声(第一套)
FM 98.1 东方明珠移动电视MMTV(电视伴音)
FM 97.7 第一财经广播频率(东方电台财经频率)
FM 96.8 开心调频(上海电台文艺频率)
FM 96.2 宝山电台(郊区电台) (有严重杂音)
FM 94.7 经典947(东方电台经典音乐频率)
FM 93.4 990新闻频率(上海人民广播电台)
FM 92.4 海上戏剧(上海电台戏剧频率)
FM 91.4 中央电台经济之声(去年12月底开始在上海转播)
FM 89.9 都市792(东方电台都市频率)
FM 87.9 中国国际广播电台轻松调频(1月1日开始在上海转播)
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